Fasting blood glucose test

Laboratory Tests The following tests may indicate additional cardiovascular risk factors or poor control of diabetes. Elevated fasting lipid panel Elevated fasting blood glucose Hemoglobin A1c greater than 7.0%... 

Electrolytes and renal function are within normal limits. Fasting blood glucose level is 206 mg/dL (11.43 mmol/L), HbA1c is 8.5%, and (-) microalbumin. GH level following an oral glucose tolerance test is 8 ng/mL (8 mcg/L). Elevated IGF-I at 790 ng/mL (790 mcg/L)... 

Glucose tolerance testing Fasting blood glucose, HbAlc if... 

The therapeutic effects of acarbose and biguanides have been compared in Type-II diabetics (Pagano and Cavallo-Perin, 1990) and found to be nearly equally effective. The same was true in studies (by Schwedes et al. (1982), who compared acarbose and metformin in poorly controlled NIDDM, while Schoffling et al. (1982) reported that acarbose was even more effective than metformin. Drost et al. (1982) concluded from their studies, however, that there was no basic difference between the hypoglycaemic effects of acarbose and metformin. Petersen (1982) tested the efficacy of acarbose versus buformin in NIDDM. Acarbose was found to reduce postprandial but not fasting blood glucose levels and to be slightly less effective than buformin. 

Whereas most studies have focused on fhe effects of NA on lipid metabohsm, the action of NA on carbohydrate metabohsm is less well understood. After acute NA administration, glucose concentrations have been reported to decrease [435], rise [436] or remain unaltered [437] in rats and humans. Results of glucose tolerance tests after acute NA intake have also been inconsistent [438, 439]. Chronic administration of NA has consistenfly resulted in deterioration of glucose tolerance and elevation of fasting blood glucose concentrations in normal humans [439-441] and impairment of glycemic control in NIDDM patients [440]. These effects are contrary to expectations based on the glucose-FA cycle of Randle and coworkers [38, 39]. If reduction of hpolysis and NEFA availability reduces oxidation... 

Additional tests were made to help evaluate Mr. Veere s degree of malnutrition and his progress toward recovery. His arm circumference and triceps skinfold were measured, and his mid upper arm muscle circumference was calculated (see Chap. 2, Anthropometric Measurements). His serum transferrin, as well as his serum albumin, were measured. Fasting blood glucose and serum ketone body concentration were determined on blood samples drawn the next day before breakfast. A 24-hour urine specimen was collected to determine ketone body excretion and creatinine excretion for calculation of the creatinine-height index, a measure of protein depletion from skeletal muscle. 

Ann O Rexia s admission laboratory studies showed a blood glucose level of 65 mg/dL (normal fasting blood glucose = 80 - 100 mg/dL). Her serum ketone body concentration was 4,200 [xM (normal = 70 [xM). The Ketostix (Bayer Diagnostics, Mishawaha, IN) urine test was moderately positive, indicating that ketone bodies were present in the urine. In her starved state, ketone body use by her brain is helping to conserve protein in her muscles and vital organs. 

Fig. 19.4. Improved fasting blood glucose is positively correlated with improved body weight r= 0.4601, P< 0.05 (Z-test). , CLA-supplemented subjects , safflower-supplemented subjects.

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