Farm land

When farm animals are treated with drugs both as a prophylactic or curative measure, majority of the drug or drug related residues are eliminated in the excreta. Poultry as well as farm animal excreta is allowed to compost into manure and the manure is used on the farm land. The objective of the present study was to design a terrestrial-aquatic model ecosystem for evaluating the environmental fate of drugs and related residues in the animal excreta used as manure. 

The major benefit from odour control is that it releases land otherwise barred to slurry spreading through its proximity to housing. This is equally important to both the farmer and water authority. For the farmer it removes pressure from other areas of the farm and allows more efficient utilisation of the nutrients in the slurry, and for the water authority, it can result in substantial savings in transport costs as farm land within urban areas is generally nearer to the sewage treatment works. 

Therefore, the habitat diversity of organic farm land is assessed to be higher than that of integrated farmed land due to a higher diversity of living conditions. Redman (1992) and Unwin et al. (1995) state that banning synthetic pesticides on organic farms improves the quality of both crop and non-crop habitats. 

The food security proponent s questions supposes a policy decision of an increase in the organically farmed land area with a total food production fixed to the today s level (Table 5-1). The assumption that food quantity might become short in the EU sounds a bit exaggerated at times when surpluses are prevalent. It might be relevant in the future when food in the EU could possibly become scarce. 

Land disposal. Land disposal Is the most widely used, least expensive, most often available disposal system at the present time. The term land disposal Includes sanitary landfills, surface Impoundments, evaporation ponds and land farming. Land disposal In a sanitary landfill, specially permitted to accept such wastes, can be expected to be the method of choice for the majority of the label statements proposed. Empty containers, waste pesticides and other wastes are commonly disposed of In a sanitary landfill or burled at the site of use. 

Correction works A large number of rivers and streams have been corrected in the Alps with the aims of protecting settlements from flooding, reclaiming farm land, and reducing epidemic plagues. Correction works comprise straightening of the stream course, riverbed stabilization, levees and different kinds of other measures. (cf. Sects 2.4 in [11], this volume, 2 in [16], this volume) Because of extensive correction works in the Swiss Alps, only a few relics of formerly widespread flood plains remain today. 

For example, kochia is normally very sensitive to atrazine and can often be controlled with l.lkg/ha (llb/A) along railroads and on farm lands. However, Burnside et al. (1979) reported that after 13 years of atrazine use, Union Pacific personnel were applying up to 15 kg/ha (13 lb/A) with poor control. These high rates are no longer allowed for atrazine uses. The use of mixtures of triazines and herbicides with alternate modes of action has been an effective management strategy to control weeds resistant to triazines. 

Land tenure Communal, in the 60ties shift from communal land ownership to individual land ownership Land mainly individual ownership with scattered pockets of communal land Individual land tenure but with increased population, the land holdings becomes small and hence need for them to be used intensively, thus the emergence of farming techniques such as LEISA - demand on farm land is high Decreased land holding (Smallholder farmers)... 

Water released from dams contains little suspended sediment, which can lead to greater erosion downstream and prevent sediments from enriching farm land through irrigation. 

Water is essential for crops. Improper irrigation over a number of years, however, can result in farmed land becoming laden with toxic chemical compounds. Research how this happens. Find out whether this is a concern to farmers near where you live. 

A farmer uses his farm land to dispose of large amounts of wheat straw. Explain the potential problems that he may run into with respect to the soil s fertility status and explain how you would remediate the situation. 

In 1987, the CWA was extensively amended. The amendments also set up programs to reduce polluted runoff from non-point sources, such as city streets, farm land, and mining sites. 

Another alternative option in the pollution prevention hierarchy is the ultimate disposal. This method mainly consists of land-farming, land-filling, deep-well injection, and ocean-dumping. 

Planting Tests A prototype machine has been developed to plant 25 cm long tree cuttings at a rapid rate. Approximately 180,000 cuttings were planted at the rate of 1 per second in a single row. In the operational version of the planter six rows at a time will be planted. The planter can be used on unprepared Conservation Reserve Program land and difficult-to-farm land also. 

Amendments in 1987 authorized measures to address non-point source pollution (storm water runoff from farm lands, forests, construction sites and urban areas), now estimated by the states to represent the largest remaining water pollution problem in the USA (USEPA, 2000). Because of this, although toxics remain a significant component in the mix of non-point runoff, other major pollutants such as nutrients have risen to the fore of public concern for action. Presently the major thrust in implementation of the CWA is to manage on a watershed basis and integrate all parts of the CWA to operate in an integrated fashion, instead of in isolation. 

These are small scale farmers found in every district with farm sizes ranging from 70 to 100 ha. These farmers would be encouraged to grow jatropha plants surrounding their farm land, with each farmer growing at least 2 ha. The estimated seed output from these farmers is 18 million tonnes/year. 

It is widely accepted by civilized nations that war should only be engaged in to achieve certain acceptable ends. Perceptions as to what comprise acceptable ends have changed in the course of history, and, for a long period, the expansion of one s state was seen as a perfectly acceptable purpose with rulers engaging in wars to acquire more land or certain facilities, e.g. access to coasts, to water supplies and to better farm lands. Such reasons for going to war would not be seen as acceptable today. The opinion that wars should not be fought for reasons of expediency is embodied in the first of the often-quoted seven conditions which need to be satisfied before a war can be regarded as a just war (McKenna, 1960) ... 

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