Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Familial colorectal cancer genes

Ras, a historical proto-oncogene, is frequently mutated in many human cancers, including 90% of pancreatic cancers, 50% of colorectal cancers, 30% of lung cancers, and 15-30% of melanomas [10-12]. There are three Ras genes that encode four family members K-Ras (two alternatively spliced isoforms), H-Ras, and N-Ras. Mutations are most commonly found in K-Ras [13]. These mutations result in impaired GTP hydrolysis, which shifts the equilibrium toward GTP-bound active Ras, and results in constitutive intracellular signaling. [Pg.87]

There are two major forms of hereditary susceptibility to colon cancer.00 Familial adenomatous polyposis is caused by defects in the APC gene (see Chapter 32). The more common hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), which includes many endometrial, stomach, and urinary tract tumors, results from defects in DNA mismatch repair. -)) The proteins hMSH2 and hMSLl are homologs of the E.coli MutS and MutL (main text). [Pg.1585]

Charbonnier F, Raux G, Wang Q, Drouot N, Cordier F, Limacher JM, Saurin JC, Puisieux A, Olschwang S, Frebourg T. Detection of exon deletions and duplications of the mismatch repair genes in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer families using multiplex polymerase chain reaction of short fluorescent fragments. Cancer Res 2000 60(ll) 2760-2763. [Pg.638]

Inherited CRC syndromes initiate as a result of an inherited mutation in one of the genes involved in the CIN or MSI pathway. Although several CRC syndromes exist, the two most common are famUial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), Most interestingly, tumors in FAP kindreds and tumors displaying CIN more frequently are found in the distal part of the colon, whereas tumors in HNPCC families and tumors displaying MSI more commonly occur in the proximal part of the colon. ... [Pg.1510]

Colon cancer is one of the main causes of cancer mortality in Western societies [150]. About 15-20% of colorectal tumors are causally determined by inheritance of genetic alterations such as the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and the syndrome familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) [151,152]. Microsatellite instability, a characteristic of HNPCC, is caused by mutations in the genes essential for mismatch repair. The loss of mismatch repair has several consequences most crucially, the loss of proofreading and correction of small deletions and insertions. FAP is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by an inherited mutation in the APC gene. The disease is characterized by the development of multiple colorectal adenomas, numbering from a few polyps to several thousands. [Pg.253]

Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene A tumor suppressor gene, acting as a gatekeeper to prevent development of tumors. A familial cancer syndrome called FAP, or familial adenomatous polyposis, is caused by mutations in APC. Mutation of APC also occurs commonly in sporadic cases of colorectal carcinoma. [Pg.1559]

Nagase H, Miyoshi Y, Horii A, Aoki T, Agawa M, Utsunomiya J, et al. Correlation between the location of germ-line mutations in the APC gene and the number of colorectal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis patients. Cancer Res 1992 52 4055-7. [Pg.1529]


See other pages where Familial colorectal cancer genes is mentioned: [Pg.210]    [Pg.1231]    [Pg.1344]    [Pg.211]    [Pg.737]    [Pg.438]    [Pg.179]    [Pg.1165]    [Pg.574]    [Pg.50]    [Pg.523]    [Pg.33]    [Pg.1231]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.574]    [Pg.1537]    [Pg.315]    [Pg.2387]    [Pg.2389]    [Pg.507]    [Pg.458]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.590]    [Pg.196]    [Pg.85]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.2225]    [Pg.1320]    [Pg.54]    [Pg.66]    [Pg.258]    [Pg.460]    [Pg.1320]    [Pg.2389]    [Pg.745]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.148]    [Pg.574]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.210 , Pg.211 ]




SEARCH



Colorectal cancer

Gene family

© 2024 chempedia.info