Failure Tests

Too low protection current or none Cable or contact break Measure pipe/anode resistance, locate cable failure, test connecting terminals... 

Output fuse failure Test current limitation, remove overloading or short circuit, set control device... 

It has also been shown that heat radiation may heat and weaken the containment. The failure of penetration seals due to high temperature has been investigated, but full scale containment failure test have not been done. 

P York. Application of powder failure testing equipment in assessing effect of glidants on flowability of cohesive pharmaceutical powders. J Pharm Sci 64 1216-1221, 1975. 

Berkovitch, M., Pope, E., Phillips, J., and Koren, G. (1995) Pemoline-associated fulminant liver failure testing the evidence for causation. Clini Pharmacol Ther 57 696—698. 

Another type of shear test involves testing under heated conditions. The shear adhesion failure test (SAFT) (FINAT FTM 8, PSTC-7) is a static shear test administered to a PSA sample under increasing temperature at a rate typically of 1 or 2°C per minute. The recorded SAFT value is the temperature at which the adhesive bond fails. 

Failure testing by uniaxial Gel is compressed to failure between Apparent slrafn at failure or Advantages Test can be performed in UNITH2.I, Basic... 

With such a complex failure behaviour, it is difficult to make a reliable estimation of the allowable stress, i.e. the stress at which, in the required duration of use (mostly 50 years for pipes for transportation of water), no failure will occur. Evidently, extrapolation of failure tests, even if they extend over a year, is insufficient. The transition from ductile to brittle crack failure, and the accompanying change in slope of the curve, may take place after several years One, therefore, resorts to tests at elevated temperatures, on the basis of the idea that a temperature increase will accelerate both failure mechanisms, and also the transition from ductile to brittle failure. 

Impact Testing (Nonins t rumen ted). Because the Izod impact is a failure test, some scatter of data is expected. Reasons for this scatter include the presence of weak domains, mechanical anisotropy, and any variability in test conditions. Extreme care was taken to maintain constant test conditions. To increase the reliability of the results, 10 test pieces of each sample were tested and the average was calculated. 

Types of tests. Laboratory corrosion fatigue tests can be classified as either cycles-to-failure (complete fracture) or crack propagation (crack growth) test. In cycles-to-failure testing, specimens or parts are subjected to a sufficient number of stress cycles to initiate and propagate cracks until complete fracture occurs. Such data are usually obtained by... 

Fig. 2 A schematic view of the set-up for time-to-failure tests in a medium (water or phosphoric acid solution) in an oven.

Traditionally, failure tests are made at elevated tempera-... 

Air flare blower failure test. (Courtesy of John Zink Co. LLC.)... 

It is only fair to say that the trade literature [17] is emphatie that it is critical to use the correct amount of titanate eoupling agent. The use of excessive amounts is probably the most significant factor in application failure tests. It is strongly recommended that selected titanates should be examined in a range of concentrations from 0.1 to 2.0% by mass in a filled system and even lower for unfilled systems. Excess titanate will result in unreacted alkoxy groups on the surfaee and in a loss of adhesion of the polymer. This could lead to the mistaken eonclusion that a particular titanate was unsuitable or even harmful. 

Microencapsulation has become a routine treatment for adult and pediatric patients who have been poisoned. This applies to the many cases in which the toxin can be adsorbed by activated charcoal. In kidney failure, tests show this is more effective than hemodialysis in removing organic... 

Should a failure occur in the support structure, it would most probably occur in the post tip or seat. This has been observed in failure tests, where failure has resulted in graphite fragmentation around the post tip/seat, where high local bearing stresses occur. 

A Run-to-Cladding-Breach (RTCB) test is planned in JOYO. The RTCB test is expected to improve the FBR fuel performance. The results will increase the fuel burnup and extend the cladding life-time. As part of the preparation work, the FFD system has been upgraded to improve its accuracy and reliability and FP traps have been installed. A series of simulated fuel failure tests has been conducted [10]. 

Methods for sealing the metal surfaces of the test devices against nonwoven fabrics should be explored because leaks may be confused with penetration and recorded as a test failure. Test methods which quantify the liquid penetration rather than detect it with visual inspection should be developed and compared with others. 

All the creep tests were performed under constant load to determine the creep rates, maximum strains and times to failure. Tests were performed at 566°C (1050"F) and at stresses of 55, 69, 83, and 96 MPa (8, 10, 12, and 14 ksi). Four types of specimens were tested. Composites with five and eight infiltrations were examined. Sample specimens infiltrated 5 times were given specimen designations beginning with A while those infiltrated eight times were designated with B . Specimens were tested after a 600°C oxidation exposure in flowing air for 100 hours. The results of this work are summarized in Table 6. 

In order to measure bulk strength in the absence of confinement, as relevant to the stress conditions on the underside of an arch, a failure test is carried out after the formation stress is removed. This test reflects the failure conditions on the surface of an arch subjected to passive wall pressures generated by a mass flow hopper, and is measured by an unconfined failure test, as shown in Fig. 1.4. A column of material is compacted in a cylindrical cell and then subjected to axial loading after removal of the cell walls. This is a delicate operation, due to the sensitive nature of the samples and the effect of wall friction opposing the compacting forces. Frictional effects rapidly magnify with the length of... 

There are a number of sources of data for failure rates, including Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Failure Modes and Effects Summary (FMES), product data sheets, failure tests data and accelerated life tests. However, these sources ultimately stem from the following data types ... 

---