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Factors That Influence Bioaccumulation

The propensity for an environmental contaminant to bioaccumulate is influenced by several factors. The first consideration is environmental persistence. The degree to [Pg.469]

Source Predicted bioaccumulation factors were based upon their relative lipophilicity as described by, D. Mackay, Environ. Sci. Technol. 1982, 16 274-278. [Pg.470]

As discussed above, lipophilicity is a major determinant of the bioaccumulation potential of a chemical. However, lipophilic chemicals also have greater propensity to sorb to sediments, thus rendering them less available to bioaccumulate. For example, sorption of benzo[a]pyrene to humic acids reduced its propensity to bioaccumulate in sunfish by a factor of three. Fish from oligotrophic lakes, having low suspended solid levels, have been shown to accumulate more DDT than fish from eutrophic lakes that have high suspended solid contents. [Pg.470]

Fish LC50 (mg/L) Avian/Mammalian LD50 (mg/kg) Toxicity Rank Example Contaminant [Pg.471]


The studies which have focussed on the uptake and bioaccumulation from food, sediment or soil show that many factors significantly influence bioaccumulation, such as food composition, feeding rate, developmental stage or age, the hydrophobicity of the contaminant, the contact time between contaminant and soil/sediment, the nature and amount of organic carbon and other soil/se-diment characteristics, the behavior of soil/sediment organisms, etc. [Pg.12]

Ideally, the best species to use for monitoring bioavailable PAH contamination in the environment would be a polychaete or bivalve species with minimal metabolic capacity for PAHs. It should be noted, however, that even though species with low biotransformation activity may be the best candidates for monitoring PAH bioaccumulation, many factors affecting uptake and elimination, including factors that impair animal health, will influence PAH body burden. This is an important consideration for any study of PAH bioaccumulation in field-collected organisms. [Pg.136]

Numerous factors influence the bioaccumulation of uranium, such as the chemical and physical form of the uranium the season of the year and other climatic factors such as temperature, age of the organism, specific tissue or organs involved and the specific characteristics of the local ecosystem, such as total suspended and dissolved solids. Bioconcentration factors for uranium have been measured by several investigators in various aquatic organisms. Mahon (1982) measured bioconcentration factors of 1,576 and 459 in algae and plankton, respectively. Horikoshi et al. (1981) determined bioconcentration factors in several species of bacteria that ranged from 2,794 to 354,000. However, bioconcentration by the bacteria represented adsorption onto the cell surfaces of the bacteria rather than true biological uptake. [Pg.289]

Bioaccumulation is the critical process by which xenobiotics can influence the living species in the aquatic ecosystems. This process can be divided into two types one involving bioconcentration, and the other biomagnification, which is more complex. Bioconcentration refers to an increase in the concentration of a chemical in the organism over a period of time compared with the chemical s concentration in the aqueous phase and is a net result of uptake, storage and elimination. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a chemical in an aquatic organism to that in the aqueous... [Pg.212]

Bioaccumulation of chemicals in fish has been considered to depend on the lipophilicity of chemicals, i.e., n-octanol/water partition coefficient (P or Kq, ). Hence, lipid contents of test organisms may also influence the bioaccumulation of chemicals. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of 12 chemicals were measured in common carp to elucidate the relationship between BCFs and lipid contents of fish. The results clearly show that there are very good correlations between BCFs and lipid contents of fish for all chemicals tested. The octanol/water partition coefficient will become a more useful tool to predict bioaccumulation and toxicity of chemicals if the relationship of BCFs and lipid contents is utilized. [Pg.363]


See other pages where Factors That Influence Bioaccumulation is mentioned: [Pg.469]    [Pg.469]    [Pg.104]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.500]    [Pg.416]    [Pg.15]    [Pg.133]    [Pg.120]    [Pg.228]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.59]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.108]    [Pg.81]    [Pg.365]    [Pg.98]    [Pg.81]    [Pg.418]    [Pg.64]    [Pg.242]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.255]    [Pg.142]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.494]    [Pg.313]    [Pg.139]    [Pg.363]    [Pg.145]   


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