Fabric color transfer from

Represent Class on a 1 to 5 scale. Highest number indicates less color change on fiber and therefore less color transfer from fabric dyes. Lower number indicates greater color change and consequently greater color transfer. 

Fastness to Crocking. Crocking is defined as the transfer of color from the surface of a dyed fabric to another surface by mbbing. AATCC test method no. 8 is a method by which a colored test fabric swatch is fastened to the base of a Crockmeter and mbbed against a white crock test cloth under controlled conditions. Color transfer to the white cloth is evaluated by comparison with the AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale. A similar method, AATCC 116, uses a Rotary Vertical Crockmeter, which requires a smaller area of test fabric than the Crockmeter. 

Sublimation (diffusion) printing is a textile process in which color patterns in dry die crystals are transferred from a release film to the fabric under high heat and pressure. The process has been adapted to plastics. The equipment used is very similar to that used for hot stamping. Under heat and pressure, the dye crystals sublime (go directly to the vapor phase from the solid phase without melting) and the vapor penetrates the plastic product. As a result, the decoration is very durable and wear resistant. It is also cost competitive against other processes such as two-step injection molding or silk screening. 

Fabric softeners exhibiting color protection properties are also found on the market. Some contain ingredients that prevent dye bleeding or dye transfer from colored items onto whites. Others keep dissolved minerals in solution, thereby preventing their deposition onto the fabric and the resulting dull look [35],... 

Nanofibers with tunable emission color can be obtained by different fabrication methods, but in general they exploit the same FRET mechanism to transfer energy from a high-energy donor to a low-energy acceptor molecule (Section 5.1.2). Varying with the relative concentrations of the two molecules within a blend or a heterostructure allows the desired overall emission spectrum to be obtained. The probability, P, of exciton transfer from the... 

Wet dyed goods have been foam finished. Conventional wet finishing of such goods would lead to color bleeding into the finish bath as well as dilution of the finish bath due to transfer of water from the fabric to the bath. 

For this portion of the study, specimens cut from the unused fabric were subjected to separate tests, following methods specified by the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (A.A.T.C.C.), to determine its reaction to washing, drycleaning, light, perspiration, and crocking, as well as the fabric s tendency to transfer color to other fibers in solutions. 

Table II. Transfer of Color from Fabric to Multifiber Test Strip in Colorfastness to Washing and Colorfastness to Perspiration Tests (Evaluated Using Gray Scale for Staining)...

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