Risk factors extrinsic

Careful monitoring and preventative care of high-risk patients can begin once these patients are identified. Intrinsic, or host-related, risk factors for the development of pressure sores include age greater than 75 years, limited mobility, loss of sensation, unconsciousness or altered sense of awareness, and malnutrition. Extrinsic, or environmental, risk factors include pressure, friction, shear stress, and moisture.37,42... 

Jones et al. (49) also point to a possible connection between atopy and risk of byssinosis. Most but not all persons with extrinsic asthma exhibit atopy (50). From observations on 255 workers in four cottonseed crushing mills, Jones et al. (49) conclude that "Atopy and exposure to dust were found to have significant interaction large mean declines in FEVi and FEF25-75 occurred only in the workers exposed to 1 inter dust who were also atopic." They also state "These findings point to atopy as a risk factor in the bronchoconstrictor response to cotton dust aerosol, and, by inference, a risk in byssinosis. 

To compare a rate among patient groups within a hospital, over time, or across hospitals, infection control practitioners (ICPs) must adjust the rate for the variations in the major risk factors that lead to the infection. A patient s predisposition for becoming infected is strongly influenced by certain risk factors, such as personal characteristics and exposures. These risk factors are roughly divided into two categories intrinsic and extrinsic. 

A performance-based system-rather than a list of reactive chemicals -is suggested as another alternative for extending regulatory coverage of reactive hazards. Such a system would consider the risk of reactive chemicals, site-specific (extrinsic) factors such as siting and proximity, and conditions that create potentially reactive situations. Objective criteria such as the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes, accident history, or number of employees could be used to establish coverage. 

Recommendations on subclassifications of the basic classes of exempt, low-hazard, and high-hazard waste defined in Section 6.2.2 are not developed in this Report. However, NCRP acknowledges that subclassifications of basic waste classes would be reasonable, particularly in the case of low-hazard and high-hazard wastes. NCRP believes that any such subclassifications should be consistent with the physical, chemical, radiological, and toxicological properties of waste, and with requirements for safe management and disposal. NCRP believes that extrinsic and non-risk-related factors, such as the source of a waste, should not be used in subclassifying risk-based waste classifications. 

Because of the variation in the incidence of diffraent forms of cancer, it became recognized that environmental, occupational, and lifestyle factors play a major role in cancer risk. As early as 1964, the WHO declared that 75% of all human cancer was affected by extrinsic factors. In 1965, Ihe Intranational Agency for Research on Cancer (lARC) was created to focus on human cancer and Ihe relationship of humans to their environment. 

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