Expression estimates

Zhukinsky, V.N. and Gosh, R.I. (1988). Biological quality of the ovulated eggs of commercial fish criteria and a method for express estimation (In Russian). Voprosy Ikhtiologii 28,773-781. 

An alternative approach to relative gene expression estimation is to rely on an absolute expression measure that is based on the direct quantification of the total quantity of mRNA present in the sample. Although this can be done... 

The analysis of gene expression in one-channel microarray is quite different than in the two-channel case. This is mainly due to expression estimates that... 

By formulating a proper turbulence model, the total number of equations involved equals the number of unknown variables, and a closed set of model equations is obtained. That is, adopting the eddy viscosity hypothesis we basically need to find proper expressions estimating the eddy viscosity variable. If the term containing the turbulent normal stresses is not neglected in equation (1.380), we need to determine the k variable too. The complexity of such model formulations may vary a lot, thus only a few of the most popular ones will be described below. 

Therefore, for an estimation of their dependence of the multiplicity and dispersity, the above-mentioned correlations (7.1.16) and (7.1.17) can be used. For an express estimation, in the literature, there are correlations such as... 

An original and simple method of express estimate of the protective ability of inhibited coatings is described in [83]. The cyclic strength of steel wire samples coated by inhibited polyethylene is estimated upon exposition for two to 12 days in a hostile medium (0.2 n aqua solution of sulfuric acid). The index of cyclic strength is taken as the number of bends in opposite directions through 90 degrees preceding failure of the sample. 

In contrast to film materials, express estimates of the protective ability of inhibited structural plastics have been insufficiently elaborated so far. For example, the effect of inhibited plastics on the wear rate of metal samples has been studied by the authors of [100] using a pendulum tribometer containing a plastic-metal friction pair. Corrosion tests of systems such as inhibited structural plastic-metal counterparts are usually conducted in real operation regimes [44]. 

Discussions were held with several safety directors to determine how they would respond to estimates of 50% of the number of workers compensation claims and 60% of total claims costs being ergonomics-related. There was general agreement that those estimates were sound, but two cautions were expressed Estimates are applicable if the statistical sample is large enough and variations by industry could be significant. 

The expression (18) represents the induction effect of the earlier theory. If we add it to the expression estimated in (13), then we obtain the for the temperature-dependent portion of the molecular interaction... 

L. Sun, J. hudayaraj, CJuantitative surface-enhanced Raman for gene expression estimation. Biophys. J. 96, 4709 (2009)... 

The primary purpose for expressing experimental data through model equations is to obtain a representation that can be used confidently for systematic interpolations and extrapolations, especially to multicomponent systems. The confidence placed in the calculations depends on the confidence placed in the data and in the model. Therefore, the method of parameter estimation should also provide measures of reliability for the calculated results. This reliability depends on the uncertainties in the parameters, which, with the statistical method of data reduction used here, are estimated from the parameter variance-covariance matrix. This matrix is obtained as a last step in the iterative calculation of the parameters. 

Thermal conductivity is expressed in W/(m K) and measures the ease in which heat is transmitted through a thin layer of material. Conductivity of liquids, written as A, decreases in an essentially linear manner between the triple point and the boiling point temperatures. Beyond a reduced temperature of 0.8, the relationship is not at all linear. For estimation of conductivity we will distinguish two cases < )... 

When providing input for the STOMP calculation a range of values of porosity (and all of the other input parameters) should be provided, based on the measured data and estimates of how the parameters may vary away from the control points. The uncertainty associated with each parameter may be expressed in terms of a probability density function, and these may be combined to create a probability density function for STOMP. 

The adaptive estimation of the pseudo-inverse parameters a n) consists of the blocks C and E (Fig. 1) if the transformed noise ( ) has unknown properties. Bloek C performes the restoration of the posterior PDD function w a,n) from the data a (n) + (n). It includes methods and algorithms for the PDD function restoration from empirical data [8] which are based on empirical averaging. Beeause the noise is assumed to be a stationary process with zero mean value and the image parameters are constant, the PDD function w(a,n) converges, at least, to the real distribution. The posterior PDD funetion is used to built a back loop to block B and as a direct input for the estimator E. For the given estimation criteria f(a,d) an optimal estimation a (n) can be found from the expression... 

For a rough estimation of the optimum excitation frequency for a given test object, one can use the well known expression for the skin penetration depth S ... 

From this expression, we may estimate typical signals for a surface SHG measurement. We assume the following as representative parameters = 10 esu, = 1, and sec B = 4. For typical optical frequencies,... 

Recently, a unique approach for using the correlation fiinction method has been demonstrated to extract morphological variables in crystalline polymers from time-resolved syncluotron SAXS data. The principle of the calculation is based on two alternative expressions of Porod s law using the fonu of interference fiinction [33. 36]. This approach enables a continuous estimate of the Porod constant, corrections for liquid scattering... 

The ratios, and i/, appear in expressions for estimating the errors on simulation-averaged quantities. 

Fast transient studies are largely focused on elementary kinetic processes in atoms and molecules, i.e., on unimolecular and bimolecular reactions with first and second order kinetics, respectively (although confonnational heterogeneity in macromolecules may lead to the observation of more complicated unimolecular kinetics). Examples of fast thennally activated unimolecular processes include dissociation reactions in molecules as simple as diatomics, and isomerization and tautomerization reactions in polyatomic molecules. A very rough estimate of the minimum time scale required for an elementary unimolecular reaction may be obtained from the Arrhenius expression for the reaction rate constant, k = A. The quantity /cg T//i from transition state theory provides... 

These terms are analogous to those on p. 265 of [7], It will be noted that the symbol c has been reinstated as in Section VI.F, so as to facilitate the order of magnitude estimation in the nearly nonrelativistic limit. We now proceed based on Eq. (168) as it stands, since the transformation of Eq. (168) to modulus and phase variables and functional derivation gives rather involved expressions and will not be set out here. 

Free Energy Function The conformational free energy was estimated by the following energy expression ... 

Returning to the more general expression, in the low temperature limit we find that the transition state theory estimate of the rate is... 

By substituting the method and 4t-dependent formula for Weff in this expression, we can estimate the resonant timesteps on the basis of linear analysis [62] ... 

In spite of the three methods of estimating open question that needs to be investigated further in the future. The above expressions are order of magnitude estimates and not exact formulas. 

The basic approach to the problem of estimating properties can be written in a very simple form that states that a molecular property P can be expressed as a function of the molecular structure C (Eq. (1)). 

A series of studies has been made by Yalkowsky and co-workers. The so-called general solubility equation was used for estimating the solubility of solid nonelectrolytes [17, 18]. The solubility log S (logarithm of solubility expressed as mol/L) was formulated with log P logarithm of octanol/water partition coefficient), and the melting point (MP) as shown in Eq. (11). This equation generally... 

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