Explosives mono- nitrobenzene

A series of mixtures of nitric acid with one or more of mono- and di-nitrobenzenes, di- and tri-nitrotoluenes have been shown to possess high-explosive properties [1]. Critical detonation diameters for mixtures of nitric acid with dinitrotoluene and TNT have been determined [2],... 

For onsite analysis, the examination of the vast number of samples necessitates the use of quick, reliable, field portable equipment that can rapidly, quantitatively verify the many chemically different types of ammunition, explosives, and pyrotechnics. The most common suite of analytes to detect is large, consisting of very chemically different compounds and usually occurs at trace levels in complex environmental matrices. This suite encompasses smokeless powders, black powders, and numerous propellant and energetic formulations. Detection should also be sought for common decomposition products of these explosives such as the methylanalines, aminonitrotoluenes, nitrotoluenes, mono- and dinitoroglycerines, and the nitrobenzenes under on-site conditions. 

There is a long history of the preparation of explosive solids or oils from interaction of diazonium salts with solutions of various sulfides and related derivatives. Such products have arisen from benzene- and toluene-diazonium salts with hydrogen, ammonium, or sodium sulfides [1,5] 2- or 3-chlorobenzene-, 4-chloro-2-methylbenzene-, 2- or 4-nitrobenzene- or 1- or 2-naphthalene-diazonium solutions with hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrogen sulfide or sodium mono-, di- or poly-sulfides [l]-[4,7], 4-Bromobenzenediazonium solutions gave with hydrogen sulfide at -5°C a product which exploded under water at 0°C [2], and every addition of a drop of 3-chlorobenzenediazonium solution to sodium disulfide solution... 

Bedites are expls consisting of AN and mono-or di-nitrobenzene s(MNB and DNB). Many modifications exist and some compns contain K nitrate instead of AN. The original Bellite AN 34.5 MNB 65.5%, was proposed ca 1885 by C.Lamm of Sweden and was manufd at Rotebro, near Stockholm. Bellites were patented in 1885 in England and manufd by the Lancashire Explosives Co,Ltd. Marshall(Refs 4 5) gives compns of the following British "permitted Bellites ... 

The role of radical anions in the detonation of nitroaromatic explosives has been examined.215 The potassium salts of such radicals were formed by mono-, di-, and tri-nitrobenzenes and -toluenes in liquid ammonia solution and, on removal of the solvent, render the material highly susceptible to loss of the metal nitrite, which increases with nitro substitution. Cleavage of the C—N02 M+ bond follows the regioconserved or... 

Nitroaromatics. Mixtures of HN03 with mono- and di-nitrobenzenes and di- and trinitrotoluenes possess high explosive properties.37... 

It would, however, be quite erroneous to assume that picric acid cannot explode when simply heated. On the contrary, Berthelot has proved that this is not the case. If a glass tube be heated to redness, and a minute quantity of picric acid crystals be then thrown in, it will explode with a curious characteristic noise. If the quantity be increased so that the temperature of the tube is materially reduced, no explosion will take place at once, but the substance will volatilise and then explode, though with much less violence than before, in the upper part of the tube. Finally, if the amount of picric acid be still further increased under these conditions, it will undergo partial decomposition and volatilise, but will not even deflagrate. Nitro-benzene, di-nitrobenzene, and mono-, di-, and tri-nitro-naphthalenes behave similarly. 

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