Explosion calculations Scaled distance

An overpressure after an explosion is noted as 0.5 psi. The calculated scaled distance Z is 75 ft/ (Ib) . Thus for a one pound charge, windows are broken at a distance of 75 feet. How far tvill windows be broken for a 500 lb. charge ... 

Application of the Baker-Strehlow method for evaluating blast effects from a vapor cloud explosion involves defining the energy of the explosion, calculating the scaled distance (/ ), then graphically reading the dimensionless peak pressure (Ps) and dimensionless specific impulse (i ). Equations (4.41) and (4.42) provide the means to calculate incident pressure and impulse based on the dimensionless terms. 

Explosion calculations, 499-504 Estimating destruction, 501 Overpressure, 502 Pressure piling, 501, 504 Relief sizing, 505 Scaled distance, 502, 503 Schock from velocity, 503 TNT equivalent, 499-504 Explosion characteristics of dusts, 515 Explosion suppression, 518 Explosion venting, gases/vapors, 504 Bleves, 504 Explosions, 482 Blast pressure. 496 Combustion, 482 Confined, 482 Damage, 498-501 Deflagration, 482 Detonation, 483... 

The loads from external near-surface burst explosions are based on hemispherical surface burst relationships. Peak pressure (P psi) and scaled. impulse Ci/W psi/lb ) are plotted vs. scaled distance (R/W ft/lb ). Roof and sidewall elements, side-on to the shock wave, see side-on loads (P and i ). The front wall, perpendicular to the shock wave, sees the much higher reflected shock wave loads (P and i ). An approximate triangular pressure-time relationship is shown in Figure 5a. The duration, T, is determined from the peak pressure and impulse by assuming a triangular load. Complete load calculations include dynamic loads on side-on elements, the effect of clearing times on reflected pressure durations, and load variations on structural elements due to their size and varying distance from the explosive source. 

Before proceeding to a discussion of particular antineutrino detectors, it is useful to provide a rough idea of the scales involved by calculating the volume needed to ensure at least two detected antineutrinos with 96% confidence fi om a 1 kt nuclear explosion at a given distance. ... 

Once estimated the explosion energy, the peak overpressure at a given distance can be derived from generalized graphs, where the normalized overpressure as a function of the non-dimensional distance is reported. The non dimensional distance is calculated using the Sachs scaling law (AIChE/ CCPS, 1999) ... 

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