Exfoliation carbon-based nanocomposites

Recent developments in polymer nanotechnology include the exfoliated clay nanocomposites, CNTs, carbon nanofibers, exfoliated graphite, nanocrystalline metals, and a host of other filler modified composite materials. Polymer matrix-based nanocomposites with exfoliated clay are discussed in this section. Performance... 

Kalavtjidou et al. [74] measured the mechanical and electrical properties of poly-propylene-based nanocomposites reinforced with up to 25 vol% exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets. The mechanical and electrical properties of the graphite nanocomposites were investigated and compared to the properties of polypropylene-based composites reinforced with other conductive materials, for example, carbon black and carbon fibers. It was found that the graphite nanoplatelets were the most effective at increasing the modulus of the polypropylene and comparable to the other materials in terms of percolation threshold. 

In the last decade, considerable progress was observed in the field of PO/compatibil-izer (predominantly on the base of PO-g-MA)/organo-surface-modified clay nanocomposites. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and ethylene-propylene (EP) rubber are one of the most widely used POs as matrix polymers in the preparation of nanocomposites [3,4,6,30-52]. The PO silicate/silica (other clay minerals, metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, or other nanoparticles) nanocomposite and nanohybrid materials, prepared using intercalation/exfoliation of functionalized polymers in situ processing and reactive extrusion systems, have attracted the interest of many academic and industrial researchers because they frequently exhibit unexpected hybrid properties synergisti-cally derived from the two components [9,12,38-43]. One of most promising composite systems are nanocomposites based on organic polymers (thermoplastics and thermosets). 

Newer methods are based on nanocomposites. Two materials of great interest include exfoliated montmorillonite-type clay and multi-walled carbon... 

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