Excretion by kidneys

The arsenic concentration in blood were eliminated according to a three-phasic pattern. Arsenic excretion in urine does not seem to be influenced by the varying doses of administered arsenic trioxide. It is shown that 67 % of administrated arsenic trioxide (100 mg/kg) is excreted by kidneys with T0 5 = 3.6 days 74 % is eliminated by urine with T05 = 2.4 days (30 mg/kg) and 68 % is eliminated by urine with T0 5 = 0.8 days (3 mg/kg) ... 

After oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed and has long plasma half life and excreted by kidney slowly. 

Clarithromycin is readily and rapidly absorbed after oral administration and is metabolized significantly in liver. Active metabolite is excreted by kidney and other routes. 

It is a sulfated napthylamine and used as first line therapy for early hemolymphatic African trypanosomiasis (caused by T. brucei gambiense). It has very tight protein binding and having short initial half life but terminal half life is about 50 days and is excreted by kidney. It is also used for chemoprophylaxis against African trypanosomiasis. 

First Generation Suifonyiureas Tolbutamide 6-12 Metabolized by liver to inactive product excreted by kidneys taken 2 to 3 times a day... 

Biguanides Metformin -5.5 Not metabolized excreted by kidneys may be used alone or in combination with sulfonylureas... 

Furosemide is quickly and almost completely excreted by kidney unmetabolized. The usual oral dose is 20-120 mg, but much larger doses (for example 1000 mg) have been used in renal insufficiency. It is very effective after intravenous injection, and doses of 500 mg and more can be used in emergencies (renal insufficiency, pulmonary edema). The majority of adverse effects occur with the use of high doses, 95% of the reactions being dose dependent (1). 

Alkaloid extracted from plants of the Strychnos family. S. nux-vomica East Indies and India. Was used in tonics no longer. Bitter detectable at 1 in 105 dilution. Absorbed across gut, metabolized by liver, excreted by kidneys. Glycinergic antagonist, CNS stimulant. Lethal dose adult 32 mg, child 15 mg. Effects rapid onset of tremor, twitching, convulsions, great pain, opisthotonus, sweating, respiratory paralysis. Convulsions can be triggered by any disturbance. 

Sodium iodide I is a radiopharmaceutical/antithyroid agent. After rapid GI absorption, iodine I is primarily distributed within extracellular fluid. It is trapped and rapidly converted to protein-bound iodine by the thyroid it is concentrated, but not protein bound, by the stomach and salivary glands. It is promptly excreted by kidneys. About 90% of the local irradiation is caused by beta radiation and 10% is caused by gamma radiation. I has a physical half-life of 8.04 days. It is indicated in the treatment of thyroid carcinoma, hyperthyroidism. 

Oral dose is < 30% absorbed. Metabozed by liver, excreted by kidney. 

V 1 1 Cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, hypertension, miataineoroohvlaxis. staoe fright, to reduce postinfarction mortality. Further suppresses a failing heart. CNS sedation and depression, rebound hypertension, impotence. Contraindicated in asthmatic patients because it causes bronchoconstriction. PO. 90% protein bound, half-life = 3 h. Metabolized by liver, excreted by kidney. Dangerous when combined with digitalis. Both block A-V node conduction. Combination is sometimes fatal. 

PO best/IM painful/IV causes hypotension. 90% protein bound. Primarily metabolized in liver, excreted by kidney. Adjust dose by monitoring plasma level. Extended duration formula allows BID dosing. 

IV, rarely IM. Rapidly metabolized by liver (2 metabolites are active), excreted by kidney. 

Diarrhea, i renal function (result hypermagnesemia) maiabsorption syndrome. PO. Well absorbed, quickly excreted by kidney. II II Used with aluminum or calcium antacids to prevent constipation. 

Materials should not elicit an unresolved inflammatory reaction and should not be cytotoxic degradation products should be either metabolized or excreted by kidneys. 

Parathormone Polypeptide Parathyroid Bones and kidney Elevation of blood calcium concentration. Mobilization of calcium from bones and decreased excretion by kidney... 

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