Exclusive attention

Finally, the exclusive attention to Li as the anode in HED nonaqueous SBs at the expense of the other five light metals cannot really be justified. Although its reactions have higher theoretical EDs, the difference between the ED available with it and with Na, Ca, Mg and Al, when the weight of the whole cell with its accessories (electrolyte, conductors, separators and casing) is taken into account, is really quite small. These metals, and even Ti, may show such advantages in their electrochemical behaviour (especially in cycle life) which may counterbalance their comparatively lower TED s. 

Thus far we have given exclusive attention to the flow of purely viscous fluids. In practice the chemical engineer often encounters non-Newtonian fluids exhibiting elastic as well as viscous behavior. Such viscoelastic fluids can be extremely complex in their rheological response. The le vel of mathematical complexity associated with these types of fluids is much more sophisticated than that presented here. Within the limits of space allocated for this article, it is not feasible to attempt a summary of this very extensive field. The reader must seek information elsewhere. Here we shall content ourselves with fluids that do not exhibit elastic behavior. 

The counterpart to this is that, depending on the actual problem, a direct question is asked, e.g. Which of the two products is the most bitter This direct method of questioning involves sensory and psychological problems for the test, be they advantageous or disadvantageous, i.e. a difference is already put directly to the assessor, who will then pay particular or exclusive attention to bitter. The assessor will also evaluate bitterness considerably more precisely that if he was unaware of this. If the problem involves a quality test, for example, this type of questioning is preferable to a more neutral question such as compare the samples . 

In this paper, we focus exclusive attention on the stereochemical consequences of structural modifications which effectively destroy a symmetrical electron distribution in the ligand fragment and thus cause U H rebonding of core and ligands. 

For single rings (i.e. mononuclear systems) up to ten atoms in size, there is no question but that Hantzsch-Widman names are overwhelmingly the most widely used, and specialists can be presumed to recognize them readily. However, when one of the trivial names of Table 1 can be used, it prevails almost exclusively. Thiophene will be immediately understood by specialists and most nonspecialists, whereas thiole will distract the reader s attention from the chemistry while he considers the writer s intention is the Hantzsch-Widman system indeed being used, or is it a typographical error Chemical Abstracts also uses these trivial names in its indexes. 

Several manufacturers supply columns packed in DMF. Careful attention must be paid to the manufacturer s recommendations for solvent changeover. If possible, one should purchase the columns packed in DMF and reserve them exclusively for use in DMF. 

Rearrangements have been included in which sulfones participate not only as reactants but also as products. Reactions have been classified according to mechanism, but although the main emphasis has been on mechanism and stereochemistry, special attention to synthetic applications has also been given, wherever appropriate. Obviously, due to space limitations as well as the vast amount of work available, only selected and representative results of general importance, as judged by the concern of the reviewer, are presented below. Thus, the exclusion of a particular piece of work in no way passes judgement on its scientific value. 

TT-Facial selectivity in the Diels-Alder reactions of thiophen 1-oxides has recently attracted keen attention (Scheme 49). Fallis and coworkers reported in situ generated 2,5-dimethylthiophene 1-oxide 98 reacted with various electron-deficient dienophiles exclusively at the syn face with respect to sulfoxide oxygen [57],... 

The detection of a potent dioxin impurity in a major herbicide has focused attention on the nature of chlorinated impurities in pesticides, and in a larger sense, impurities in all chlorinated industrial compounds used extensively in man s environment. The present 2,4,5-T controversy is overshadowed by the dioxin problem. Major disagreement still exists on their relative contributions to the teratogenic effects observed in chicks and the validity of interpretation of high dosage rates used to achieve these effects. We have avoided any assessment of the health-related aspects of dioxins but have dealt almost exclusively with dioxins as an environmental entity. 

While on the subject of reviews, attention should also be directed to a very recent collection of articles on isocyanide chemistry edited by Ugi 156). This volume is oriented somewhat toward the organic chemistry of isocyanides, but not with the complete exclusion of metal complexes of these species one is directed in particular to the chapters by Vogler (Chapter 10) on coordinated isocyanides and by Saegusa and Ito (Chapter 4) on a-additions to isocyanides. These latter reactions are often catalyzed by copper(I) compounds and occasionally by other metal complexes as well, and it is believed that this catalysis is accomplished by intermediate formation of metal isocyanide complexes. 

Formal charges and oxidation states represent two different ways of estimating electron density. Neither method is perfectly accurate. Each method assumes an extreme that is not true. Formal charges are calculated based on the assumption that all bonds are covalent (generally an incorrect assumption), and oxidation states are calculated based on the assumption that all bonds are ionic (generally an incorrect assumption). Earlier in this book, we focused our attention on formal charges exclusively. For purposes of this section, we will now focus our attention exclusively on oxidation states. 

Chlorhexidine base is not readily soluble in water therefore the freely soluble salts, acetate, gluconate and hydrochloride, are used in formulation. Chlorhexidine exhibits the greatest antibacterial activity at pH 7-8 where it exists exclusively as a di-cation. The cationic nature of the compound results in activity being reduced by anionic compounds including soap and many anions due to the formation of insoluble salts. Anions to be wary of include bicarbonate, borate, carbonate, chloride, citrate and phosphate with due attention being paid to the presence of hard water. Deionized or distilled water should preferably be used for dilution purposes. Reduction in activity will also occur in the presence of blood, pus and other organic matter. 

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