Evolution/maturation

W.W. Webb, Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy genesis, evolution, maturation and prognosis, in Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Theory and Applications, ed. by R. Rigler, E.S. Elson (Springer, Berlin, 2001)... 

These divisions may each involve several sorption mechanisms, but if they yield a local reaction that can be accurately described with an appropriate isotherm model, they can be incorporated in equation 2. The behavior and resulting local isotherm forms for three major classes of reactions will be examined here sorption by evolutionally immature soil organic matter sorption by natural mineral phases and sorption by diagenetically altered and evolutionally mature organic matter. 

The condition of any soil represents a stage in the changing process of soil evolution. Soils develop, mature and change with the passage of time. Whereas the time required for a true soil to develop from the parent rock of the earth may be thousands of years, rapid changes can result in a few years when soils are cultivated, irrigated, or otherwise subjected to man s manipulation. The type of soil that develops from the parent material will depend upon the various physical, chemical and biological factors of the environment. 

Algal blooms in fresh water ponds occasionally poison livestock and waterfowl. Axenic cultures of Anabaena flos-aquae NRC 44-1 were shown to produce the toxic principle (5) which can be present in the algae and in the water of mature cultures (6). The discovery of the toxin was fortuitous in the sense that AChR agonists do not have a (known) constructive function in the algae evolution of the synthetic pathway was likely a by-product of metabolic pathways in the algae. The compound became evident only through its toxic effects on other organisms. 

The expansion of our knowledge of the structure and function of Na,K-ATPase is reflected in a rapid succession of reviews on Na,K-ATPase genes and regulation of expression [17], subunit assembly and functional maturation [20], the isozymes of Na,K-ATPase [18], and the stability of a subunit isoforms during evolution [21], physiological aspects and regulation of Na,K-ATPase [22], reconstitution and cation exchange [23], chemical modification [24], and occlusion of cations [25]. Other valuable sources are the review articles [26] and recent developments [27] reported at the International Na,K-pump Conference in September 1990. 

HTS matured from an art to a science and with this evolution the need to attract, train, and retain a diverse scientific staff became a critical success factor for leaders of every HTS organization. The modem HTS organizations present a unique... 

Table 1.15). Progress in polymer/additive analysis is a combination of few instrumental breakthroughs and many evolutions in mature techniques. The rapid development of automated instrumentation over the past 15 years has heralded a renaissance in analytical chemistry, and offers more reliable and rapid forms of analyte detection.

The evolution of sedimentary organic matter (OM) under the influence of increasing burial depth and related temperature rise is termed maturation and this process is commonly subdivided into three stages, i.e., diagenegisis, catagenesis, and metagenesis (Figure 1). 

Schemske DW, Bradshaw HD (1999) Pollinator preference and the evolution of floral traits in monkeyflowers (Mimulus). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 11910-11915 Wang HC, Huang XM, Hu GB, Yang Z, Huang HB (2005) A comparative study of chlorophyll loss and its related mechanism during fruit maturation in the pericarp of fast- and slow-degreening litchi pericarp. Sci Hortic 106 247-257...

---