Evaporation, implications

Lagarec K, Rancourt DG (2000) FesNi-type chemical order in FeesNiss films grown by evaporation Implications regarding the Invar problem. Phys Rev B 62 978-985 Lagarec K, Rancourt DG, Bose SK, Sanyal B, Dunlap RA (2001) Observation of a composition-controlled high-moment/low-moment transition in the face centered cubic Fe-Ni system Invar effect is an expansion, not a contraction. J Magnet Magnetic Mater (in press)... 

Photocopies of journal articles relating to the Unipet process for the recycling of PETP developed by United Resource Recovery Corp. Details are given of the process which enables contaminated PETP to be recycled by the use of caustic soda which reacts with the PETP to yield ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, followed by heating and evaporation of the EG which reduces organic impurities to carbon dioxide and water and leaves solid terephthalic salt. Its implications for the industry are also discussed. 

Alexander CMOD, Grossman JN, Wang J, Zanda B, Bourot-Denise M, Hewins RH (2000) The lack of potassium-isotopic fractionation in Bishunpur chondrules. Meteor Planet Sci 35 859-868 Alexander CMOD, Wang J (2001) Iron isotopes in chondrules implications for the role of evaporation during chondrule formation. Meteor Planet Sci 36 419-428... 

Huang L, Sturchio NC, Abrajano T, Heraty LJ, Holt BD (1999) Carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons by evaporation. Org Geochem 30(8A) 777-785 Jambon A, Deruelle B, Dreibus G, Pineau F (1995) Chlorine and bromine abundance in MORB the contrasting behavior of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and East Pacific Rise and implications for chlorine geodynamic cycle. Chem Geol 126 101-117... 

Horita J, Zimmermann H, Holland HD (2002) Chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic implications from the record of marine evaporates. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 66 3733—3756 Inghram MG, Brown H, Patterson C, Hess DC (1950) The branching ratio of K-40 radioactive decay. Phys Rev 80 916-917... 

Alexander CMO D, Wang J (2001) Iron isotope in chondrules implications for the role of evaporation during chondrule formation. Meteoritics Planet Sci 36 419-428... 

This has important implications for nucleation in the atmosphere. Condensation of a vapor such as water to form a liquid starts when a small number of water molecules form a cluster upon which other gaseous molecules can condense. However, the size of this initial cluster is very small, and from the Kelvin equation, the vapor pressure over the cluster would be so large that it would essentially immediately evaporate at the relatively small supersaturations found in the atmosphere, up to 2% (Prup-pacher and Klett, 1997). As a result, clouds and fogs would not form unless there was a preexisting particle upon which the water could initially condense. Such particles are known as cloud condensation nuclei, or CCN. 

This postulate has several implications regarding the mechanism of alkyne hydrogenation these will be discussed in Sect. 4.3. It should be noted, however, that there is as yet little or no direct evidence for structure L, although analogous structures are known to exist with organometallic complexes [161], Such a structure is also consistent with the positive surface potentials observed for acetylene adsorption on evaporated nickel films [88]. 

Evaporation. Maxima in the approximate range C20-C30 are partly the result of evaporation of lower homologs during long access to the atmosphere. This process is inherent in that of inspissationthrough which deposits of bitumen are conventionally accounted for, and has been implicated in hatchettite formation (7). 

The interaction of harsh surfactants on SC proteins results in an increase in skin surface water loss (SSWL). This is evident in the results shown in Figure 31.5. Water loss, measured using an evaporimeter immediately after a wash, show that harsher soap induces a higher rate of evaporation than milder syndet. The implications of this high rate of evaporation are examined further. 

Where a solution of a moderately volatile organic substance in water is distilled, the distillate is often richer in organic substance than the residue and may form two separate phases. The evaporation of pesticide along with water from wet soil is often referred to as steam distillation or codistillation. The implication that the pesticide evaporates more rapidly because of the presence of the water is entirely correct, but to imply that steam distillation is the explanation directs attention to the wrong part or the total process. 

Spray Drift Aspects. The above calculations have significant implications relating to spray drift. Qualitatively, evaporative effects have been recognized for some time (4, 21). The small droplet-fall behavior... 

Previous analyses of the effect of chemical reaction on the rate of gas absorption have almost exclusively used film- or penetration-theory models (1-3) which assume the liquid reactant to be non-volatile. In some industrial applications (4), however, the liquid is volatile and evaporation of the liquid may therefore have important implications. 

Nagahara H., Kushiro I., and Mysen B. (1994) Evaporation of olivine low pressure phase relations of the olivine system and its implication for the origin of chondritic components in the solar nebula. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 1951-1963. 

Ozawa K. and Nagahara H. (2001) Chemical and isotopic fractionations by evaporation and their cosmochemical implications. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65, 2171-2199. 

Young E. D. (2000) Assessing the implications of K isotope cosmochemistry for evaporation in the preplanetary solar nebula. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 183, 321-333. 

Floss C., El Goresy A., Zinner E., Kransel G., Ratrrmensee W., and Palme H. (1996) Elemental and isotopic fractionations produced through evaporation of the Allende CV chondrite implications for the origin of HAL-type hibonite inclusions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60, 1975-1997. 

---