Evaporated thin films

Mutzenburg, A.B. Agitated Thin Film Evaporators—Thin Film Technology, Chemical Engineering, Sept. 13,1965, p. 175. 

That the assumption of such spatially separated sites is justified has been demonstrated by experiments using evaporated metal films, acting as catalytic sites [LilO]. In an electrolyte composed of aqueous HF, H202 and ethanol, stain film formation has been observed under and close to evaporated thin films of Au, Pt and Pd, while silicon samples free of metal films showed no PS formation. The metal is assumed to act as a cathodic site, where H202 is reduced to H20 under injection of two holes into the silicon VB. These holes are consumed by the for-... 

Among the intermetallics of Ni, LaNi5 is the most promising, hence the most investigated. Various methods of preparation have been proposed. In one case, using flash evaporation, thin films have been prepared with thicknesses ranging 100 - 200 nm. In the specific cases of NiTi and LaNi5, surface analysis has revealed that La and Ti are present on the surface as inert oxides while the active component is Ni [103],... 

Another vacuum distillation technique, including for water removal in large-scale operations, is evaporation. Thin-film evaporators are designed to expose large surface areas of liquid to heat and/or vacuum in order to speed the evaporation process. The design principle is illustrated in Figure 5. 

Rashkova, V. Kitova, S. Konstantinov, I. Vitanov, T. Vacuum evaporated thin films of mixed cobalt and nickel oxides as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution and reduction. Electrochimica Acta (2002) 47(10) 1555-1560. 

K-doped LB multilayer films of Cgo superconduct below 8 K, that is, about 10 K lower than the bulk crystal K3C6o [107] co-evaporated thin films of K and C60 show the same effect. 

At the sample stage, a flat mirror is mounted perpendicular to the sample on a rotation stage. As part of the laser beam is reflected by the mirror, it interferes with the nonreflected part to form an interference pattern on the photoresist. The period P is given as P = where 6 is the incident angle [44]. After lithography and baking, the templates are then transferred into an electron-beam or a thermal evaporation thin film deposition system for metallization. As the thickness of the metal film is larger than the skin depth of metal, the metallic arrays are considered as semi-infinitely thick. 

The use of microscale techniques has been demonstrated to be useful in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of simultaneous heat and mass transfer. Buffone et al. [11] have used miero-partiele image velocimetry (p-PIV) to map the velocity field of evaporating thin films in small eapillaries (Figure 9). 

Figure 9. Absorption spectra of vaccum evaporated thin films fumrot (solid line) and norot (dashed line)...

Figure 15. Refractive index dispersion in a vacuum evaporated thin film of benzylic amide [2] catenane...

Figure 18. Refractive index dispersion in evaporated thin films of pure (triangles), monosubstitued (circles) and disubstitued fumrot (squares) (cf. Fig. 10). Full figures show ordinary whereas the open the extraordinary index of refraction, respectively. Solid lines are Sellmeier fits...

Fig. 12.7 AFM images of the surface morphology of evaporated thin films of p-sexiphenyl (a) and Spiro-63>T (b) on glass substrates. The scan area was 5X5 pm2. Photoluminescence, absorption and ASE spectra of the materials are shown in (c, d).

Two imidazolylquinoline compounds (8a-8b) (Figure 3.1.4) have also been tested in OTFTs [89,90] with thermally evaporated thin films showing mobilities of 0.038 cm V s and 0.148 cm V s for 8a and 8b, respectively. 

---