Evaluation Dynamic Data

Renwick and Lazarus (1998) analyzed the default UF for human variability based on the evaluation of an extensive database in relation to a subdivision of the 10-fold factor due to variability in toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, as well as the adequacy of the 10-fold factor. Papers giving kinetic data were selected on the basis of the quality and/or size of the study, the interest of the results, and the physiological/metabolic process determining the kinetic parameter. Papers giving dynamic data were selected on the basis of the adequate separation of variability due to kinetics and dynamics. The data on kinetics and dynamics were tabulated, the coefficients of variation were averaged for different studies which measured a common endpoint, or for multiple doses which measured the same endpoint. 

Finally, in drug development or evaluation phase studies, logistical tradeoffs of pharmacokinetic-dynamic data may lead to reduced samples per patient (sparse data) and/or reduced patient group sizes, as well as noisy data (e.g., unknown variability in the dose strategy, noncompliance) (phase IV). 

Having developed and parameterized potential models, the final stage before their use in a simulation study should be their evaluation. Nonempirically derived potentials should be evaluated by reference to their ability to predict empirical crystal properties. For empirical potentials, it is clearly necessary to use data outside the range employed in the parameterization. We have already referred to the use of lattice dynamical data. Comparison with the results of high-pressure studies, in particular the variation of structural and elastic properties with pressure, is also of great value and... 

From a hydrogeochemical perspective, there are two major conclusions that can be drawn from this literature review. First, data protocols need to be consistent and complete with respect to redox-sensitive species in order to understand the dynamic behaviour of chlorinated ethenes in the underground and compare it between different sites. Second, the use of the steady-state approach to evaluate field data provided results, which appeared to be more meaningful than those obtained using classical redox chemical parameters. After careful calibration in several field studies, the steady-state approach may allow prediction of in-situ degradation rates and therefore turn out to be a powerful tool for the study of natural attenuation processes. 

Dynamic methods rely on the study of fluid flow properties of porous membranes, which are extremely sensitive functions of the pore size distribution, f(r), and of additional pore structural characteristics, such as the pore connectivity, z. The dynamic data, if analyzed in combination with other measurements obtained by equilibrium methods, can offer important structural information, relevant to the evaluation of performance of membranes, provided that an appropriate pore structural model is used for the data interpretation. 

Frenkel M, Chirico RD, Diky V, Yan X, Dong Q, Muzny C (2005) ThermoData engine (TDE) software implementation of the dynamic data evaluation concept. J Chem Inf Model 45(4) 816-838... 

Introduction.— This section collects remarks and observations relating to particular types of polymer systems and not appropriately included under previous headings. It concludes with a tabulation of individual systems encountered in the 1977/8 literature on which new data have been obtained. In this no attempt has been made to evaluate the quality of the data and as to their type, citations appearing previously in this Report (to which the source numbers refer) will need to be consulted. The table is intended only to give access to sources of thomo-dynamic data updating the more detaUed compilations which are available. These include The Polymer Handbook, which contains an extensive collection of 0 - temperatures by Elias and Butler a table of solubility parameters collected by Beerbower and Hansen the table of jmlymer-solvent interaction parameters included in the review by Orwoll and the review of polymer mktures by Krause. ... 

The objective of this study was to review the literature regarding pistoning in lower limb prosthesis in order to evaluate objective data in sense of methods used for assessing pistoning during static and dynamic conditions with different prosthetic suspension systems and components and their reported advantages and disadvantages. 

Fig. 3.6 D k) (cf. eq. [3.14]) obtained from the dynamical data for Nd, = 30 (filled circles), 40 (filled triangles) and 60 (filled diamonds). Instead of trying to perform the limit r 0 the maximum value of D k, t) (see eq. [3.17]) was taken. Hence, the data should be viewed as an upper limit to the actual initial decay rate. For comparison, the data resulting from the static evaluation with Ewald sums are also included with corresponding open symbob (from Ref. 61).

---