European Union veterinary drug residues

A unique feature of the development of veterinary medicines for food-producing species is the need to consider the establishment of Maximum Residue Limits (M RLs) for the drug or its metabolites in food produce. A MRL is defined in the European Union as ... 

Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which has been used worldwide in veterinary medicine and in aquaculture for the prevention and treatment of disease and as feed additives to promote growth. The maximum residue limits (MRLs) of OTC and relative substances as described by the US Food and Drug Administration [66] and European Union [67] are presented in Table 4. 

Quality criteria for quantitative analytical methods, in general, have been proposed or arc lo be proposed by several international organizations including the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, the Food and Drug Administration, the Codex Committee for Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Food, the International Dairy Federation, and the European Union. The European Union, in particular, has laid down minimum quality criteria for quantitative drug residue methods,... 

To safeguard human health, the European Union (EU) has established safe maximum residue limits (MRLs) for residues of veterinary drugs in animal and food samples (2,3). The Council Directive 96/23/EU has established numbers of samples to be tested for each compound group (4). 

In veterinary medicine, the main tetrahydropyrimidine drugs are pyrantel and morantel. Pyrantel is used widely in horses as the pamoate (embonate a naphthoic acid derivative) salt and it is active against a range of roundworms. As the tartrate and citrate, it is used in cattle, sheep and pigs in some countries. However, in the European Union (EU), the maximum residue limit (MRL) only covers the use in horses. Morantel, usually as the citrate or tartrate is used to treat parasitic infestations in a number of species. Pyrantel, in combination with ivermectin is used to treat susceptible parasites in dogs and in combination with praziquantel (see section 12.2.7), parasites in cats and dogs. Oxantel, in combination with pyrantel and praziquantel is used to treat parasitic disease in... 

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