Etoxazole

Oxazole acaricides are derivatives of oxazole. Etoxazole is an acaricide (growth regulator) for control of mites in citrus, pome fruit, strawberries, nuts, vegetables, and ornamentals. Its oral LD50 in rats is >5000 mg/kg. 

Etoxazole and flufenoxuron are inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis. Spirodiclofen and spiromesifen are inhibitors of lipid biosynthesis. Spirodiclofen blocks the enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, which allows mites to synthesize important fatty acids. 

Insect cuticle Benzolphenylureas, buprofezin, etoxazole, flufenoxuron Cyromazine Boric acid, silica aerogels Pesticidal soaps Inhibition of chitin biosynthesis Molting disruption Abrasion of cuticle Disruption of cuticle and breakdown of cell membranes... 

Mite Growth Inhibitors (Clofentezine, Hexythiazox, Etoxazole)... 

Many different biochemical targets in mites have been addressed in recent decades for the development of new acaricides [1, 2]. One group of acaricides are known as mite growth inhibitors and are classified in group 10 of the IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee) mode of action classification scheme (www.irac-online.org). Mite growth regulators such as clofentezine (1), diflovidazin (2) hexythiazox (3) and etoxazole (4) are presented in this chapter, because they share some common characteristics (Fig. 26.2.1). 

Mite Croivth Inhibitors (Clofentezine, Hexythiazox, Etoxazole) 839 Table 26.2.11 Marketing status of etoxazol (status 2004). 

Resistance against etoxazole has been described in T. urticae and demonstrated to be under monogenic control [29]. 

The ecobiological properties of etoxazole are not as favorable, allowing its use in combination with predatory mites. In experiments on the comparative toxicity of some acariddes to the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis and the twospotted spider mite, T. urticae, etoxazole did not seriously affect the survival and reproduc-... 

The oxazoline etoxazole (45 1998, Baroque , Yashima/Sumitomo) [106] is an acaricidal IGR (Chapter 26.2) and also possess the 2,6-difluorophenyl moiety like 46 and the BPU class (Fig. 35.11). 

The well-known insecticidal benzoyl phenyl ureas (BPUs), exemplified by diflubenzuron, are chitin biosynthesis disrupters, but at an uncharacterized site distinct from chitin synthase (2), Figure 1. The related bridge-cyclized oxazoline chemistries from DuPont and Yashima, represented by etoxazole, are also commercial or near-conunercial insecticides with the same mechanism of action (5), Figure 1. 

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