0-Ethylpyridine

The flask is allowed to cool, and the contents are transferred to a 5-1. round-bottomed flask. The mixture is cautiously 

Submitted by Robert L. Frank and Paul V. Smith. Checked by Homer Adkins and Robert H. Jones. 

The mixture is distilled using an efficient fractionating column (Note 4). There is a large fore-run of chloroform, pyridine, and water (Note 5), after which the temperature rises and 145-167 g. of material, b.p. 145-165°/760 mm., is collected. This is refractionated, and 135-155 g. (33-38%) of 4-ethylpyridine, b.p. 163-165°/760 mm. 1.5010, is obtained (Note 6). 

The pyridine is dried over calcium oxide and redistilled. 

The zinc is activated before use by stirring 830 g. of zinc dust in 300 ml. of 10% hydrochloric acid for 2 minutes, filtering, and washing the zinc with 600 ml. of water, then with 200 ml. of acetone. 

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When pyridine is treated with zinc dust and acetic anhydride, a type of reductive coupling occurs and the product is diacetyltetrahydrodipyridyl (I) this undergoes a curious change on heating yielding pyridine and a new diacetyl compound, 1 4 diacetyl 1 4-dihydropyridine (II). The latter is reduced by zinc and acetic acid to 4-ethylpyridine (III). 

Neutralise the cold contents of the flask with 500-600 ml. of 40 per cent, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, equip the flask for steam distillation and steam distil until about 1 litre of distillate is collected. The steam distillate separates into two layers. Add solid sodium hydroxide (< 100 g.) to complete the separation of the two layers as far as possible. Remove the upper (organic) layer and extract the aqueous layer with three 50 ml. portions of chloroform. Dry the combined organic layer and chloroform extracts with anhydrous potassium carbonate and distil the mixture through a short fractionating column (e.g., an 8 Dufton column) after a fore run of chloroform, followed by pyridine, collect the crude 4-ethylpyridine at 150-166° (49 g.). Redistil through a Fenske-... 

Ethylpyridine-l-oxide [14906-55-9] M 123.1, m 109-110 , pKEst l l- Crystd from acetone/ether. 

Chapter V. Quinaldine (V,2) 2-methyl-, 2 5-dimethyl- and 2-acetyl-thiophene (V,8-V,10) 2 5-dimethyl- and 2 4-dimethyl-dicarbethoxy-pyrrole (V,12-V,13) 2-amino- and 2 4-dimethyl-thiazole (V,1 V,16) 3 5-dimethyl-pyrazole (V,17) 4-ethylpyridine (from pyridine) (V,19) n-amyl-pyridines from picolines) (V,28) picolinic, nicotinic and isonicotinic acid (V,21-V,22) (ethyl nicotinate and p-cyanopyridine (V,23-V,24) uramil (V,25) 4-methyl-(coumarin (V,28) 2-hyi ox3depidine (V,29). 

Bis(alkyldithio-/selenocarbamates) of Zn(ID and Cd(II) have previously been used in many applications including the rubber industry 1 and in analysis,382 as well as for single-molecular precursors in the growth of II VI thin films by CVD, as described earlier.181,383 They have also been shown to be good precursors for the preparation of II VI nanoparticles, in a process that involves their decomposition in a high-boiling donor solvent such as tri-n-octylphosphine oxide or 4-ethylpyridine (Figure 47). 

M(PBu 2)3 (M = Ga, In). The nanoparticles were prepared by dissolving the precursors in 4-ethylpyridine (solvent and capping agent) and refluxing for 7 days.395... 

Thomas, T. J. et al., Amer. Inst. Aero. Astron. J., 1976, 14, 1334-1335 Ignition temperatures were determined by DTA for the perchlorate salts of ethylamine, isopropylamine, 4-ethylpyridine, poly(ethyleneimine), poly(propyle-neimine), and poly(2- or 4-vinylpyridine). In contrast to the low ignition temperatures (175-200°C) of the polymeric salts, mixtures of the polymeric bases with ammonium perchlorate decompose only above 300°C. 

Kirsh et al. 42) prepared apolar derivatives of poly(4-vinylpyridine) by benzylation. With nitrophenyl acetate as the substrate the benzylated catalyst is 100 times more effective than 4-ethylpyridine. A double-displacement mechanism was observed. The rate constants for deacylation of the acylpoly(vinylpyridine) derivatives were about 4 x 10" /sec. The comparable value for a-chymotrypsin is 8 x 10 /sec. The factor of 20 seems small, but it should be kept in mind that deacetylation of a-chymotrypsin is very slow compared with the deacylation reactions involving the natural substrates of the enzyme. 

C9H12N20 (Z)-2-Acetyl-4-ethylpyridine monoxime Exttaction-photometric Photomettic Fe Co, Cu 3... 

Ethylpyridine [536-75-4] M 107.2, h 168.2-168.3 , d 0.942. Dried with BaO, and fractionally distd. Purified by conversion to the picrate, recrystn and regeneration of the free base followed by distn. 4-Ethylpyridine-l-oxide [14906-55-9] M 123.1, m 109-110 . Crystd from acetone/ether. 

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