Ethylene perception

The last decade has seen exciting progress in the elucidation of the mechanisms of ethylene perception and transduction. These approaches have been twofold on the one hand biochemical and physiological studies and on the other the use of powerful techniques in molecular genetics. 

Production of compounds which help in development of characteristic aromas of many fmits such as apple, banana and strawberries, and so on can be adversely affected by MAP. The high CO and low may affect the oxidative processes and ethylene perception and suppress aroma production. However, most produce recover from moderate low suppression of volatile aroma production and eventually develop characteristic flavors. Still the aroma of the commodity, when it is just taken out of the low Oj packages may be inferior to the fresh commodity, which can affect consumer appeal (Beaudry, 2000). 

Hall BP, Shakeel SN, Schaller GE (2007) Ethylene receptors ethylene perception and signal transduction. J Plant Growth Regul 26 118-130... 

Farmer, 2001). Even nectar production may be effected by such hormones (Heil et al, 2001). The gaseous hormone ethylene plays an important role in plant development, but also in defense (Mattoo and Suttle, 1991). Upon perception of a pathogen, plants show enhanced ethylene production, which has been shown to be involved in the induction of defense reactions (Boiler, 1991). Wild tobacco plants engineered with an Arabidopsis sp. ethylene-insensitive gene do not show typical leaf development arrestment in the presence of leaves of other tobacco plants, demonstrating the importance of ethylene in plant development (Knoester et al.,... 

Mita, S. Kawamura, S. Yamawaki, K. Nakamura, K. Hyodo, H. Differential expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis and perception of ethylene during ripening of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). Plant Cell Physiol., 39, 1209-1217 (1998)... 

Pd and Ni catalysts with the structural effects on reductions with diimide (diazene) (ref. 6) and the equilibrium constants for the association of substituted ethylenes with a Ni(0) complex (ref. 7). These particular reactions were chosen because of our perception of their relation to the mechanisms of catalytic hydrogenation, and the insightful analysis of the relationship between structure and reactivity provided by the authors of these studies. 

Fluhr, R. Mattoo, A.K. (1996). Ethylene—biosynthesis and perception. Current Revs, in Plant Sciences 15,479-523. 

The initial steps of the signal pathway for ethylene are at least known to have similarity to two-component regulators of eukaryotes. Each component contains a conserved domain and a variable domain. Most sensor proteins consist of a variable amino-terminal domain (typically located in the periplasmic space flanked by two transmembrane domains) and a conserved carboxyl-terminal histidine kinase domain located in the cytoplasm. Signal perception on the N-terminal domain results in autokinase activity by the histidine kinase domain. The phosphate of the histidine is transferred to a certain aspartate residue within the conserved amino-terminal domain of the cognate cytoplasmic response regulator [116]. 

Transcriptional regulation of ACC synthase Posttranslational regulation of ACC synthase Perception and Signaling Ethylene receptors RTE1/GR CTR1 EIN2 EIN3... 

C. Chang and J.A. Shockey. 1999. The ethylene-response pathway Signal perception to gene regulation Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 2 352-358. (PubMed)... 

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