Ethyl m-nitrobenzene

Enolate generation, 106-7 Enolate trapping, 99-101 Enones, 34-5 Epoxidation, 21-3 a/3-Epoxysilanes, 21-4, 78 -Ethoxy acylsilane, 110 1-Ethoxy-l-trimethylsilyloxycyclo-propane,133 Ethyl bromoacetate, 123 Ethyl 2-chloropropanoate, 133 Ethyl glycinate, 87,88-9 Ethyl m-nitrobenzene, 137 Ethyl irimethylsilylacetate. 71, 123-4, 134 Ethyllithium, 66... 

The Yukawa-Tsuno equation continues to find considerable application. 1-Arylethyl bromides react with pyridine in acetonitrile by unimolecular and bimolecular processes.These processes are distinct there is no intermediate mechanism. The SnI rate constants, k, for meta or j ara-substituted 1-arylethyl bromides conform well to the Yukawa-Tsuno equation, with p = — 5.0 and r = 1.15, but the correlation analysis of the 5 n2 rate constants k2 is more complicated. This is attributed to a change in the balance between bond formation and cleavage in the 5 n2 transition state as the substituent is varied. The rate constants of solvolysis in 1 1 (v/v) aqueous ethanol of a-t-butyl-a-neopentylbenzyl and a-t-butyl-a-isopropylbenzyl p-nitrobenzoates at 75 °C follow the Yukawa-Tsuno equation well, with p = —3.37, r = 0.78 and p = —3.09, r — 0.68, respectively. The considerable reduction in r from the value of 1.00 in the defining system for the scale is ascribed to steric inhibition of coplanarity in the transition state. Rates of solvolysis (80% aqueous ethanol, 25 °C) have been measured for 1-(substituted phenyl)-l-phenyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and l,l-bis(substi-tuted phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl tosylates. The former substrate shows a bilinear Yukawa-Tsuno plot the latter shows excellent conformity to the Yukawa-Tsuno equation over the whole range of substituents, with p =—8.3/2 and r— 1.19. Substituent effects on solvolysis of 2-aryl-2-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl m-nitrobenzene-sulfonates in acetic acid or in 80% aqueous TFE have been analyzed by the Yukawa-Tsuno equation to give p =—3.12, r = 0.77 (130 °C) and p = —4.22, r — 0.63 (100 °C), respectively. The r values are considered to indicate an enhanced resonance effect, compared with the standard aryl-assisted solvolysis, and this is attributed to the destabilization of the transition state by the electron-withdrawing CF3 group. 

Also obtained by condensation of ethyl m-methoxyphenoxypropionate with veratroyl chloride in the presence of aluminium chloride in nitrobenzene at 0° for 12 h [1150]. 

Goswami and Sarkar3 claimed to have prepared methyl and ethyl fluoroformates by the action of thallium fluoride on the corresponding chloroformates. These fluoroformates were described as powerful lacrimators. We found that no appreciable reaction took place between potassium fluoride and ethyl chloroformate in boiling carbon tetrachloride or nitrobenzene. Ethyl fluoroformate could, however, be readily produced by the action of potassium fluoride on ethyl chloroformate by using the autoclave technique. It was found not to have the lacrimatory properties claimed for it, and was non-toxic in comparison with M.F.A. This non-toxicity was to be expected, as the fluoroformate contains the COF and not the CH2F- group. 

Fig. 4. Oraph Olustfuting Uie dependence of capacity ratios on the composition of eluents containing n-heptane and dichloromethane. The stationary phase is LiChrosorb SI 100 silica gel. Sample A, ethyl benzene B. anthracene C, m-terphenyl D, nitrobenzene F. benzonitrile F, benzophenone O, acetophenone H, l,4..Vxylenol I, r>-nitroaniline J, m nitioaniline K, A -cholestenone L, p-nitroaniline.

The most important FBAs in the coumarin series are the 7-amino-3-phenylcoumarins which are prepared via the Pechmann coumarin synthesis. For example, m-aminophenol may be condensed with ethyl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylacrylate in the presence of a Lewis acid in nitrobenzene (Scheme 13). 

Ethyl alcohol Ethyl phthalate Hydrogen bromide Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen disulfide Isoamyl alcohol Isobutyl alcohol Nitrobenzene (crit.temp., upper layer, 40) o-Nitrobromobenzene (m.p. 42)... 

Cyclonite is a white crystalline solid, m.p. 202°. It is insoluble in water, alcohol, ether, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, and carbon tetrachloride, very slightly soluble in hot benzene, and soluble 1 part in about 135 parts of boiling xylene. It is readily soluble in hot aniline, phenol, ethyl benzoate, and nitrobenzene, from all of which it crystallizes in needles. It is moderately soluble in hot acetone, about 1 part in 8, and is conveniently recrystallized from this solvent from which it is deposited in beautiful, transparent, sparkling prisms. It dissolves very slowly in cold concentrated sulfuric acid, and the solution decomposes on standing. It dissolves readily in warm nitric acid (1.42 or stronger) and separates only partially again when the liquid is cooled. The chemical reactions of cyclonite indicate that the cyclotrimethylenetri-nitramine formula which Herz suggested for it is probably correct. 

F. de Carli obtained the following results for the solubilities of various organic compounds in liquid ammonia Benzene, s.s., colourless toluene, s.s., colourless ethyl benzene, n.s., colourless nitrobenzene, 24 per cent., yellow cumene, s.s., yellow propyl-benzene, n.s. m-xylene, s.s., colourless dinitrobenzene, 19 per cent., red p-nilrochloro-benzene, s.s., violet p-dibromobenzene, n.s. 0-nitrobenzene, s.s., carmine cimene, s.s.,... 

F. Dobler, on aromatio aldehydes F. Bidet, on primary amines, etc. G. Baume, and A. M. Wasilieff studied the system with methyl ether and ethyl alcohol with ammonia and C. A. Kraus and E. H. Zeitfuchs, equilibrium in liquid mixtures of ammonia and xylene. H. H. Schlubach and H. Miedel observed that ammonia or ammonium salts may act as a reducing agent on some organic compounds—phenyl-butylene, styryl methyl ketone, pyridine, and nitrobenzene, but not acetophenone, benzil, benzoin, and deoxybenzoin. A soln. of sodium in liquid ammonia is added gradually to a soln. of ammonium chloride in the same solvent in which the substance to be reduced is at least partly dissolved at —80° to —50°. If the compound under investigation is not sufficiently soluble in liquid ammonia, benzene or ether... 

Suspend 0.25 g of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in 5 ml of methanol and add 0.4-0.5 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid cautiously. Filter the warm solution and add a solution of 0.1-0.2 g of the carbonyl compound in a small volume of methanol or of ether. If no solid separates within 10 minutes, dilute the solution carefully with m sulphuric acid. Collect the solid by suction filtration and wash it with a little aqueous methanol. Recrystallise the derivative from ethanol, dilute ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, dioxane, nitromethane, nitrobenzene or xylene. 

A solution of 19.9 g of morpholine, 14.8 g of diisopropylethylamine and 28.7 g of 3,4-difluoronitrobenzene in 100 mL of ethylacetate was refluxed under nitrogen for 4 hours. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature overnight, then 100 mL of ethyl acetate, 150 mL of methylene chloride, and 150 mL of water were added, and the aqueous layer extracted with methylene chloride and ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried (Na2S04) to give a yellow solid. This was recrystallized from acetone-water to give 3-fluoro-4-morpholinyl-nitrobenzene as a yellow solid, m.p. = 112-113°C. 

Gomberg and Pemert4 recommended the use of the sodium diazotates for the preparation of biaryls from aniline and from p-toluidine and the normal diazo method for negatively substituted amines such as the bromo- and nitro-anilines. Grieve and Hey 7 found little difference in the yields of biaryls obtained by the two procedures when they coupled diazotized aniline with six different components benzene, toluene, m-xylene, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, and ethyl benzoate. Where it is applicable, this modification offers the advantage that the dropwise addition of alkali is eliminated. 

Figure 15 Phase separation conditions of the gas-liquid microflows. Solvents 1,1-decanol 2,1-octanol 3,1-propanol 4, nitrobenzene 5, dodecane 6,1,4-dioxane 7, ethanol 8, water 9, carbon tetrachloride 10, m-xylene 11, hexane 12, toluene 13, chloroform 14, ethyl acetate 15, dichloromethane 16, hexane 17, acetone 18, pentane and 19, diethyl ether. The open circles show the theoretical higher limit, the open triangles the theoretical lower limit, the solid circles the experimental results of the higher limit, and the solid triangles the experimental results of the lower limit (Aota et al., 2009a).

PROP Colorless to yellow liquid sweet burning taste sensidve to shock. Mp 13°, bp explodes 218°, d 1.599 15°/15°, vap press 1 mm 127°, vap d 7.84, autoign temp 518°F, decomp 50-60°, fp 13°. Volatile 100°. Misc with ether, acetone, glacial acedc acid, ethyl acetate, benzene, nitrobenzene, pyridine, chloroform, ethylene bromide, dichloroethylene sidy sol in pet ether, glycerin. Misc in most org solvs prac insol in H2O. IDLH 75 mg/m. ... 

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