Erucic acid, dimer

Fatty acids have also been converted to difunctional monomers for polyanhydride synthesis by dimerizing the unsaturated erucic or oleic acid to form branched monomers. These monomers are collectively referred to as fatty acid dimers and the polymers are referred to as poly(fatty acid dimer) (PFAD). PFAD (erucic acid dimer) was synthesized by Domb and Maniar (1993) via melt polycondensation and was a liquid at room temperature. Desiring to increase the hydrophobicity of aliphatic polyanhydrides such as PSA without adding aromaticity to the monomers (and thereby increasing the melting point), Teomim and Domb (1999) and Krasko et al. (2002) have synthesized fatty acid terminated PSA. Octanoic, lauric, myristic, stearic, ricinoleic, oleic, linoleic, and lithocholic acid acetate anhydrides were added to the melt polycondensation reactions to obtain the desired terminations. As desired, a dramatic reduction in the erosion rate was obtained (Krasko et al., 2002 Teomim and Domb, 1999). 

Poly(erucic acid dimer) or poly(FAD), (FAD, fatty acid dimer)... 

PROPERTIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST Anhydride copolymers of erucic acid dimer (EAD) with aliphatic diacids such as sebacic acid (SA) degrade in a physiological medium to EAD and SA. Matrices of the copolymers loaded with dissolved or dispersed drugs degrade in vitro and in vivo to constantly release the drugs for periods from 1-12 weeks. 

Poly(P3-bis-g>-carboxyphenoxypropane anhydride) Poly(erucic acid dimer anhydride)... 

Apart from these polymers, some polyanhydrides have undergone active clinical development. Polyanhydrides involving sebacic acid (hydrophilic component) and carboxyphenoxypropane (hydrophobic component) have been used to develop a matrix for Gliadel , a commercial product for the sustained release of carmustine, an anti-cancer drug used in the treatment of brain tumours. Other anhydrides have also been investigated, such as poly-(erucic acid dimer sebacic acid 50 50) copolymers for the development of implants for the antibiotic treatment of osteomyelitis. 

Monomer(s) structure acids S-(p-carboxyphenoxy) valeric, 8-(p-carboxyphenoxy) ootanoic, 1,3-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy) propane, 1,6-bis(p-oarboxyphenoxy) hexane, 1,6-bis(o-carboxyphenoxy) hexane, adipic, azeiaic, dodecanedicarboxylic, dodecanedioic, fumaric, isophthaiic, p-carboxyphenoxy acetic, pimelic, sebacic, suberic, terephthalic other erucic acid dimer, ricinoleic acid maleate, ricinoleic acid succinate, 12-hydroxystearic acid succinate photopolymerizable monomers, e.g., methacrylated sebacic acid Goepferich, A Tessmar, J, Adv. Dmg Delivery Rev., 54,911-32, 2002 Jain, J P Chirkara, D Kumar, N, Expert Opin. Drug Deliv., 5, 8,889-907,2008. 

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