Error of mean

Figure 1. The log cx)ncentration-cx)ntractile response curves for maitotoxin (MTX) in the rabbit aorta in the presence ( ) or absence (o) of verapamil (10" M). Verapamil was administered 15 min before the application of MTX. The maximum response to MTX (3 x 10 g/mL) is expressed as 100%. Vertical lines indicate the standard error of mean (n=7). (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 13. Copyright 1983 Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge)...

Figure 7. The log cxjncentration-response curve for maitotoxin (MTX) on the tissue Ca content of guinea pig left atria. Vertical lines indicate the standard error of mean (n=6). (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 14. Copyright 1985 Macmillan)...

Statistical analysis Statistical analysis consists of determination of Standard error of means (SEM) or the Student- t-testing. The measurement error was about 1-2% (10 spectra per one variant, n=10). Counting was performed in four or five replicates (the number of Petri dishes per a treatment). SEM for the fluorescence spectra was 2 %. 

A proof of this statement can be found in Hamilton (1964). The square-root of of2 is usually referred to as the standard error of mean. 

Mean 2 Standard error of mean for two 10- to 15-g composite samples each prepared from separate groups of coho salmon <2 fish/ group)... 

Mean Standard error of mean Number cf pairs Standard deviation Significant... 

Selected entries from Methods in Enzymology [vol, page(s)] Generation, 240, 122-123 confidence limits, 240, 129-130 discrete variance profile, 240, 124-126, 128-129, 131-133, 146, 149 error response, 240, 125-126, 149-150 Monte Carlo validation, 240, 139, 141, 146, 148-149 parameter estimation, 240, 126-129 radioimmunoassay, 240, 122-123, 125-127, 131-139 standard errors of mean, 240, 135 unknown sample evaluation, 240, 130-131 zero concentration response, 240, 138, 150. 

The absolute error of mean EM is calculated from formula... 

Approximate size cuts between impactor stages are given across the top. No significant concentrations were found on Stage 0, < 0.25 pmad (Xingiong aerosol means and standard errors of means). 

The S, Zn, and Pb are found only in a fine-mode centered at 0.5-1 fimad. The Mn and K can be resolved into both fine- and coarse-modes by reference to Ca, and Fe shows evidence of a possible fine mode superimposed on a much larger coarse mode similar to Ca (Xinglong aerosol, March 16-21,1980 means and standard errors of means). 

Sample Mean (V rrt) Standard Deviation (Hg/m3) Mean (Mlm3) Standard Deviation (M. Z/m3) Difference in Means (No Denuder - Denuder) ( iglm3) Standard Error of Means ([Lg/rn3)... 

P<0.001 DM dry matter SEM Standard Error of Mean, Basic uncorrected integral, Control unirradiated spectrum subtracted, T)M cone. corrected for differences in sample DM, lg DM corrected to a standard lg DM in cavity. (From Stevenson and Gray, 1989a). 

Another scale of measurement of precision is standard error of mean (.M) which is the ratio of the standard deviation to the square root of number of measurements ( ). 

Standard error of sample (standard error of mean)—sx ... 

Abbreviations AMI. acute myocardial infarction BM-MNC. bone marrow mononuclear cell LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction SEM. standard error of mean TOPCARE-AMI, transplantation of progenitor cells and regeneration enhancement in acute myocardial infarction MX. mesenchymal stem cell. 

Average of three replications. Values with the same superscript letter in a given column indicate no significant difference (p < 0.05). SEM, standard error of means LSD, least significant difference. 

B. Acetylcholine content of the brain. Numbers in parentheses indicate number of animals used. Standard error of mean indicated at each point. 

Figure 1. Germination of Witchweed Seeds Conditioned in Water and Brassinolide (10 7M) for 3-7 Days before Terminal Treatment with Natural Stimulants. Bars Represent Standard Errors of Means for 3 Replications over 3 Experiments.

Figure 1. Effect of lO M apamin on the maximal light emission (Lmax) triggered by 200mM KCl in all 3 species. Mean + std error of mean, n= number of repetitions...

Figure 1. Phytotoxicity of chlorotoluron and isoproturon incorporated in liquid medium of hydroponically grown resistant "Peldon" and susceptible "Rothamsted" black-grass. Standard error bars represent pooled errors of means, each determined from 10 measurements. Log ED50 values (plus standard errors) have been determined from a logistic curve fitted to the log-transformed data using a maximum likelihood program (67).

Figure 6. Comparison of predominantly synergistic effects of triadimefon and additive phytotoxic effects of nuarimol on chlorotoluron phytotoxicity in resistant "Peldon" black-grass. Standard errors bars represent pooled errors of means each determined from 10 measurements.

Standard error of mean estimate. cComposite data for ten hardwood species. 

Figure 7. Effect of environmental temperature on the systemic absorption of VX in humans, following topical application to the face (cheek). Absorption is expressed as a percentage of the applied dose penetrated (average standard error of mean) 3 h post-exposure. Data from Craig et al. (1977)...

Mean standard deviation standard error of mean and range. 

Legend SEM, standard error of mean Std Dev, standard deviation. 

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