Epoxidation rearrangement

For epoxide rearrangement Catalytic amount Catalytic amount... 

The steroid epoxide rearrangement can occur with Grignard reagents only if both carbons of the epoxide ring are secondary. 

Fukumoto epoxide rearrangement is worthy of note, in that a stereoselective rearrangement occurs spontaneously during the SAE of a 2-aryl-2-cyclopropylide-neethanol (194), prepared from ketone 193, to give the geminally substituted cydo-... 

Aziridinocyclopropanes 163 derived from 2-phenylsulfonyl-l,3-dienes undergo BF3-induced rearrangement to bicyclic amines 165, which feature the skeleton of the tropane alkaloids. The reaction proceeds via cyclopropyl carbinyl cation 164, an intermediate also invoked in the analogous epoxide rearrangements. Trapping by fluoride ion is a competing pathway <96TL3371>. 

A closer examination by ex situ analysis using NMR or gas chromatography illustrates that intrazeolite reaction mixtures can get complex. For example photooxygenation of 1-pentene leads to three major carbonyl products plus a mixture of saturated aldehydes (valeraldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, acetaldehyde)38 (Fig. 33). Ethyl vinyl ketone and 2-pentenal arise from addition of the hydroperoxy radical to the two different ends of the allylic radical (Fig. 33). The ketone, /i-3-penten-2-one, is formed by intrazeolite isomerization of 1-pentene followed by CT mediated photooxygenation of the 2-pentene isomer. Dioxetane cleavage, epoxide rearrangement, or presumably even Floch cleavage130,131 of the allylic hydroperoxides can lead to the mixture of saturated aldehydes. 

By the same type of epoxide rearrangement, other bicyclic and tricyclic orthoesters can be synthesized [80]. However, the orthoesters are only the kinetic products and, if not sufficiently inert, can further rearrange under reaction conditions to more stable tetra-hydrofuran derivatives (cf. Scheme 8.40). In many cases, the tetrahydrofurans are the... 

Rearrangement of epoxy silyl ethers. When treated with 1 equiv. of TiCl4, a-silyloxy epoxides rearrange to p-hydroxy carbonyl compounds. 

Maruoka K, Murase N, Ooi T, Yamamoto H (1991) A new cyclization of olefinic epoxides by modified organoaluminum reagents via epoxide rearrangement and subsequent intramolecular ene reaction. Synlett 857-858... 

Inversion at Two or More Carbon Atoms Epoxide Rearrangements... 

A somewhat related instance of double-bond migration initiating epoxide rearrangement is the multiple transformation of erexnophUone oxide1184 represented in Eq. (487),... 

The styrene oxide isomerization is known to be an easy reaction due to the carbonium stabilization by the aromatic nucleus. In the case of H-ZSM-5, taking into account the respective size of this medium-pore zeolite (5.5A) and the kinetic diameter of the styrene oxide molecule (5.9A), it was assumed that the weak external acidic sites are active enough to catalyze the reaction (ref. 16). If this were the case for all zeolites, no shape-selectivity could be obtained for any epoxide rearrangement. Nevertheless, for large-pore zeolites, the contribution of all the acidic sites cannot be excluded. 

Oxidation of organic substrates. This hydroperoxide converts 2,3-dimethyl-2-butcne into tetramethylethylene oxide with simultaneous formation of 3-bromo-4,5-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-3,5-diphenyl-3H-pyrazole (2). Dialkyl olefins, however, are not epoxidized by I. Enol ethers are converted to a variety of epoxide rearrangement products.2... 

Wipf, P. Xu, W. Organozirconocenes in organic synthesis tandem epoxide rearrangement-carbonyl addition. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 825-826. 

Lewis acid-mediated epoxide rearrangement followed by 1,2-addition. 

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