Epidemiological studies, health effects

Epidemiological and Human Dosimetry Studies. Health effects of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine have not been described in humans. As discussed in chapter 5, the potential for environmental exposure to... 

See also Antioxidants Observational Studies Intervention Studies. Ascorbic Acid Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements. Carotenoids Chemistry, Sources and Physiology Epidemiology of Health Effects. Copper. Folic Acid. Riboflavin. Selenium. Vitamin E Physiology and Health Effects. Zinc Physiology. 

Compare the strengths and weaknesses of health effects information obtained from epidemiological, clinical, and toxicological studies. 

There has been some controversy over the effect of traces of anesthehc gases in the operating room on the health of personnel working there daily Numerous animal studies usmg low levels of anestheltic gases have failed to show any effects, and several epidemiological studies show that human health is not affected by traces of anesthetic gases [20]... 

Cohen, J.T. and Nikula, K. (1999) The health effects of diesel exhaust laboratory and Epidemiologic Studies,... 

Many epidemiological studies have analyzed the correlations between different carotenoids and the various forms of cancer and a lot of conclusions converge toward protective effects of carotenoids. Many studies were carried out with (i-carotene. The SUVIMAX study, a primary intervention trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals, revealed that a supplementation of p-carotene (6 mg/day) was inversely correlated with total cancer risk. Intervention studies investigating the association between carotenoids and different types of cancers and cardiovascular diseases are reported in Table 3.1.2 and Table 3.1.3. 

In the Unites States, the daily intake of 3-carotene is around 2 mg/day Several epidemiological studies have reported that consumption of carotenoid-rich foods is associated with reduced risks of certain chronic diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular disease, and age-related macular degeneration. These preventive effects of carotenoids may be related to their major function as vitamin A precursors and/or their actions as antioxidants, modulators of the immune response, and inducers of gap-junction communications. Not all carotenoids exert similar protective effects against specific diseases. By reason of the potential use of carotenoids as natural food colorants and/or for their health-promoting effects, research has focused on better understanding how they are absorbed by and metabolized in the human body. 

Epidemiological and Human Dosimetry Studies. Epidemiological studies of radiation dose typically involve estimates of exposure that are based on whole-body measurements of internally-deposited americium. A need remains for epidemiological data that can provide quantitative human dose-response information while supplying additional information on the health effects of exposure to ionizing radiation and americium in particular, for cases of known internal exposure. 

Epidemiological and Human Dosimetry Studies. No epidemiological studies were located. However, prior to conducting any large-scale studies, animal studies are needed to determine what, if any, chronic health effects occur after exposure to diisopropyl methylphosphonate. In addition, appropriate cohorts would be very difficult to identify. 

The health effect side of the diagram shows that unit risk estimates result from interactive analyses of health-affecting processes in the human body and observed effects in human populations (epidemiology). Health effects are identified by integrating clinical studies on humans or animals with studies of physical and chemical responses to pollutant agents in the human body. 

In this paper, the main results of a study of Rn-222 and progeny in Norwegian dwellings are summarized. The study was primarly conducted to assess the regional variations in indoor Rn-222 concentrations and to study the importance of the different Rn-222 sources. The results of the survey have also been used to discuss possible health effects and the feasibility of epidemiological studies. 

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