Epi-chlorohydrin

The degree of polymerization in AM ROP is given by the ratio of the total amount of monomer supplied to the reactor to the amount of alcohol. AM polymerization has been successfully demonstrated for the synthesis of telechelic polymers of propylene oxide and epi-chlorohydrin with number-average molecular weights of 1000-4000. Higher molecular weights are difficult to achieve because a large amount of alcohol is needed to suppress conventional ROP. 

To investigate the catalytic activity of the materials prepared, hydrolytic kinetic resolution of terminal epoxides such as styrene oxide, 1,2-epoxyhexane, and epi-chlorohydrin was carried out using only water, which acts as a nucleophilic agent... 

Vinylic sulfides containing an a hydrogen can also be alkylated1516 by alkyl halides or epoxides. In one application, the ion 124, which can be prepared in three steps from epi-chlorohydrin, reacts with alkyl halides to give the bis(methylthio) compound 125,1517 which... 

To obtain polyrotaxanes of Type 5, a dinitrophenyl-based BG was also introduced by reaction of the end groups. Polyrotaxane 40 further reacted with epi-chlorohydrin in basic solution to give a tubular structure (48) in which the adjacent CDs were linked together by bridges (chemical bonds). Upon cleavage of the BG, the linear polymer was removed to afford a molecular nanotube (49) [81]. 

A related process had been invoked previously7 to rationalize the formation of 1 -hydroxy-2-penten.-4-yne on condensation of epi-chlorohydrin with sodium acetylide. The steps represented in Eq, (401 woe postulated. 

Holm7 reported that spin-spin interaction for 1 C nuolel j detectable under high resolution, and the 170 resonance line of epi-chlorohydrin has recently been described as well.1 3 ... 

Cross-linked, insoluble PEG can be prepared by copolymerizing PEG with epi-chlorohydrin [107,160] or with the tosylate of 3-methyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)oxetane [161,162], These supports are highly permeable and hydrophilic, and enable the use of... 

That of 7-bromo- and 7-fluoro-8-hydroxyquinolin-2(lH)-ones with epi-chlorohydrin in the presence of catalytic amount of piperidine in DMF at 85 °C gave 10-substituted 3-hydroxymethyl-2,3-dihydro-5H-pyrido [l,2,3-de][l,4]benzoxazin-5-ones (08WOP2008/120003). 

In the past, glycerol was produced mainly from propene via allyl chloride and epi-chlorohydrin, a process developed by I. G. Farben and in operation since 1943. Today, glycerol is obtained almost completely as a coproduct in oleochemistry (fat splitting) and biodiesel production (transesterification) with 110 kg crude glycerol or 100 kg pure glycerol per ton of biodiesel [37]. With the rise in biodiesel production, the availability increased while the price decreased drastically by approximately 66% within 15 years in the United States [38]. 

A more detailed procedure was given for the conversion of 2- chloromethyl)oxirane (epi-chlorohydrin) into a mixture of 1,3-difluoropropan-2-ol (1,39 %) and 1 -chloro-3-fluoropropan-... 

Films of PMMA with 20 to 30% poly(epi-chlorohydrin) require only 1/2 to 1/4 the exposure to produce patterns compared to PNNA alone. Thinning-exposure curves also suggest a sensitivity increase of 3 or 4 times. Contrast suffers somewhat, but patterns are producible when a nitride-supported gold mask is used. 

Apparently, the lymerization of some threemembered cyclic ethers, for example a-epi-chlorohydrin which undergoes incomplete monomer conversion, proceeds with efficient decomposition of the macroin pairs. It seems, that the limited converaons observed in Ref. 239 are also due to termination and not to the thermodynamic equilibrium, proposed in the cited paper and leading to the uruealistically low ring strain of o-epichlorohydrin. 

Glycidyl azide polymer is produced in a two-step process. First, epi-chlorohydrin in the presence of bortriflouride is polymerized into poly-epichlorohydrin. Using dimethylformamide as a solvent, the polymer is then processed with sodium azide at high temperature. Nearly all the inorganic components as well as the solvent are removed, leaving the raw final product free of low molecular weight compounds. 

Eponol Resins. TM for high molecular weight linear copolymers of bisphenol A and epi-chlorohydrin produce outstanding surface coatings by solvent evaporation alone. 

Fig. 18 Kinetic parameter estimation A (R)-epichlorohydrin hydrolysis, x (S)-epi-chlorohydrin hydrolysis, O impurity formation.

The ratio of Eq. (22) to Eq. (23) provides a direct differential equation between epi-chlorohydrin enantiomer concentrations and the enantioselectivity factor, which is a function of temperature and catalyst concentration as variables (Eq. 25). This equation is readily solved to give the mathematical relation between enantiomeric excess and yield (R) as a function of a (Eq. 26). The maximum obtainable yield for a given ee specification (and vice versa) is provided straightforwardly in Eq. (26). Moreover, this equation shows that the yield-ee pair is independent of the amount of water used (provided the amount is sufficient to reach the desired ee) and of the water addition rate. Thus, the water addition mode will only impact the reaction time necessary to reach the desired yield and ee target. 

Melamine-formaldehyde-epichlorohydrin resin, useful for the separation of molybdenum and tungsten, has been prepared by treating melamine with formaldehyde at 60-65 °C and then condensing the reaction product with epichlorohydrin185). Polyethylenepolyamine has been polymerized with formaldehyde and phenol-epi-chlorohydrin or ammonia-epichlorohydrin reaction products to give anion-exchange lesins 186). Pretreatment of polyamine with semicarbazide or its salts increases the exchange capacity. 

EPICHLOROHYDRIN or a-EPI-CHLOROHYDRIN or EPICLOR-HIDRINA (Spanish) (106-89-8) C3H5CIO Highly flammable, polymerizable liquid. 

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