Enzymes Are Biological Catalysts

Enzymatic Catalysis. Enzymes are biological catalysts. They increase the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing permanent change and without affecting the reaction equiUbrium. The thermodynamic approach to the study of a chemical reaction calculates the equiUbrium concentrations using the thermodynamic properties of the substrates and products. This approach gives no information about the rate at which the equiUbrium is reached. The kinetic approach is concerned with the reaction rates and the factors that determine these, eg, pH, temperature, and presence of a catalyst. Therefore, the kinetic approach is essentially an experimental investigation. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts that function by modifying substrate molecules to promote reaction. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts in the form of globular proteins, and in liquid detergent compositions enzymes have inherent stability problems since the proteases not only digest the protein stains, but also the other enzymes. If this destructive mechanism is not controlled, the enzymes in the liquid detergent composition will have unacceptably short storage stability. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts—i. e substances of biological origin that accelerate chemical reactions (see p. 24). The orderly course of metabolic processes is only possible because each cell is equipped with its own genetically determined set of enzymes. It is only this that allows coordinated sequences of reactions (metabolic pathways see p. 112). Enzymes are also involved in many regulatory mechanisms that allow the metabolism to adapt to changing conditions (see p.ll4). Almost all enzymes are proteins. However, there are also catalytically active ribonucleic acids, the ribozymes" (see pp. 246, 252). 

A suggested treatment involves the use of OP-degrading enzymes. Enzymes are biological catalyst proteins that can be used to detoxify both trace and large quantities... 

Enzymes are biological catalysts. Without their presence in a cell, most biochemical reactions would not proceed at the required rate. The physicochemical and biological properties of enzymes have been investigated since the early 1800s. The unrelenting interest in enzymes is due to several factors— their dynamic and essential role in the cell, their extraordinary catalytic power, and their selectivity. Two of these dynamic characteristics will be evaluated in this experiment, namely a kinetic description of enzyme activity and molecular selectivity. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts. Kinetic analysis is one of the most broadly used tools for characterizing enzymatic reactions. 

A substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up. Enzymes are biological catalysts. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts, all of which are proteins, except for a class of RNA-modifying catalysts known as ribozymes ribozymes are molecules of ribonucleic acid that catalyse reactions on the phosphodiester bond of other RNAs. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology have developed a nomenclature for enzymes, the EC numbers each enzyme is described by a sequence of one of four numbers preceded by EC . The first number broadly classifies the enzyme based on its mechanism. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts whose role is to increase the rate of chemical (metabolic) reactions without being consumed in the reaction. They do so by lowering the activation energy of a reaction by binding specifically (i.e., in the active site) to their substrates in a lock-and-key or induced-fit mechanism. They do not change the nature of the reaction (in fact, any... 

Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rates of reactions important to an organism. 

Proteins that have catalytic properties are called enzymes (i.e.. enzymes are biological catalysts of protein nature). Some enzymes have full catalytic reactivity per sc these are considered to be simple proteins because they do not hiive a nonprotein moiety. Other enzymes are conjugated proteins, and the nonprotcin structural components arc necc.ssary for reactivity. Occasionally, enzymes require metallic ions. Because enzymes are proteins or conjugated proteins, the general review of protein structural studies presented above in this chapter (e.g.. protein conformation and denaturation) is fundamental to the following topics. Conditions that affect denaturation of proteins usually have an adverse effect on the activity of the enzyme. 

Homogeneons catalysts are present in the same phase as the reaction being catalyzed whereas heterogeneous catalysts are present in a different phase. Enzymes are biological catalysts that bind substrates with exquisite selectivity, position reactants at optimal locations and stabilize transition states, all of which leads to lower activation barriers than those in the uncatalyzed reaction. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate the conversion of substrates into products by providing favorable conditions that lower the activation energy of the reaction. 

Biocatalytic recognition by purified enzymes is the most common mechanism used in design of biosensors. Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate conversion of substrate into products by lowering activation energy of the reaction. They are proteins or glycoproteins, and biorecognition properties depend almost entirely on the amino acids of the exposed surface of enzyme molecule. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts the active site exists to correctly position a substrate molecule so that functional groups on the enzyme may perform chemistry on it. All trypsin-like enzymes have a catalytic triad of aspartic acid 102, histidine 57, and serine 195 in which the serine Oy is activated so that it may attack a... 

Catalyst A substance that speeds up a chemical or biochemical reaction that would have occurred anyway (without help), but at a much slower rate enzymes are biological catalysts. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts. They enhance reaction rates because they provide an alternative reaction pathway that requires less energy than an uncatalyzed reaction. In contrast to some inorganic catalysts, most enzymes catalyze reactions at mild temperatures. In addition, enzymes are specific to the types of reactions they catalyze. Each type of enzyme has a unique, intricately shaped binding surface called an active site. Substrate binds to the enzyme s active site, which is a small cleft or crevice in a large protein molecule. In the lock-and-key model of enzyme action, the structures of the enzyme s active site and the substrate transition state are complementary. In the induced-fit model, the protein molecule is assumed to be flexible. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts and participate in many chemical reactions occurring in living things. Unlike ordinary chemical catalysts enzymes have the ability to catalyze a reaction under very mild conditions in neutral aqueous solution at normal temperature and pressure, and with very high substrate specificity. They also have chiral specificity and catalyze asymmetric reactions. However, enzymes are produced by organisms for their own requirements and, thou efficient and ef-... 

Enzymes are biological catalysts. The majority of the enz)rmes that have been studied are proteins. Reactions that would take days or weeks or require extremely high temperatures without enzymes are completed in an instant. For example, the digestive enzymes pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin break down proteins in our diet so that subunits can be absorbed for use by our cells. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts. The enzyme lysozyme catalyzes a process that results in the destruction of the cell walls of many harmful bacteria. This helps to prevent disease in organisms. 

Enzymes are biological catalysts. They accelerate the rates of reactions in cells without being changed themselves during the process of reaction. Al-... 

A substrate is the substance upon which an enzyme acts in an enzymatic reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions by decreasing the activation energy required for that reaction. An enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction converting a snbstrate reactant to a product. An individnal enzyme generally has more than one snbstrate and may be specific to several reaction intermediates that are part of an overall reaction. 

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