Environmental legislation, rise

Figure 1. Graph showing the rise in environmental legislation in USA. (Reproduced with permission from Reference I. Copyright 1998 Oxford University).

We have seen the recent rise of environmental legislation regarding packaging materials. As a result, designers and users are required to be increasingly more selective about which materials they use as they incorporate their awareness of environmental issues. 

The dramatic rise in output and rapid obsolescence of consumer and commercial electronic goods has prompted the European Union (EU) to draft two pieces of environmental legislation that impact the electronics industry ... 

Jerome O. Nriagu. The Rise and Fall of Leaded Gasoline. The Science of the Total Environment. 92 (1990) 13-28. An authoritative history of leaded gasoline. The source for airplane octane lead industry pays Kehoe s salary one of few environmentally unsafe products forced out of market place one of top 10 chemicals in U.S. Esso slogan compression ratio and valve seat recession Kettering about automobile at crossroads, Europe versus U.S. 90 percent all U.S. gas and 80 percent worldwide autos after 20 years of TEL TEL drove U.S. transport lead removed from Ethyl trade name and Ethyl s control of publications and environment to be monitored by voluntary self-regulation, not legislation. 

Alkene epoxidation is a very useful reaction in industry and organic s)mthesis. The resultant epoxides are essential precursors in the s)mthesis of various important substances like plasticizers, perfumes, and epoxy resins [1]. For example, over 5,000,000 and 70,000 metric tonnes of propylene and butene oxides, respectively, are produced per year [2]. Current commercial production of propylene oxide (PO) usually employs the chlorohydrin process or the Halcon process, which gives rise to disposal problem for the resultant salts or large amounts of coproducts. As a result of increasing stringent enviromnent legislation, there is currently much interest in the research and development of environmentally friendly methods for preparation of PO without any coproduct. 

Figure 2.7 shows one more factor in addition to these scientific milestones the rise of chemical control legislation. Early discussions of the need for and scope of such legislation presaged some of the life cycle analysis concepts discussed in this chapter. Notably, in 1971 the US President s Council on Environmental Quality said this [104, pp. 759-760] ... 

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