Enuresis behavioral treatments

Behavioral therapies are the treatment of choice for enuresis in both typically developing children and children with MR. No medical intervention should be undertaken before considering behavioral interventions, such as a star chart for dry nights, evening fluid restriction, bladder-stretching exercises (where children are asked to hold their urine for as long as they can, past the initial bladder spasm), and/or the buzzer-and-pad. However, some MR/DD patients will be unable to cooperate with such strategies and may need medical... 

Longstaffe, S., Moffatt, M.E. and Whalen, J.C. (2000) Behavioral and self-concept changes after six months of enuresis treatment a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 105 935-940. 

Teaching continence skills and various behavioral and conditioning methods remain the primary treatments for enuresis, and drug treatment remains a secondary approach. Combined treatment with an enuresis alarm and desmopressin may be successful for severe enuresis. ... 

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