Entrainment definition

Entrainment Flooding The early work of Souders and Brown [Ind. Eng. Chem., 26, 98 (1934)] based on a force balance on an average suspended droplet of hquid led to the definition of a capacity parameter C,i, ... 

Alternatively, the dispersed phase is chosen because, by definition, it will not contain droplets of the continuous phase. In this way the dispersed phase, after settling, will not entrain the continuous phase and entrainment losses from the settler will be reduced. 

Dunlap We don t know that this has been looked at yet in the definitive knockout strain. We haven t seen the data, but we assume this is the case and that a full photoperiod LD cycle can still drive photoresponses, but not entrain them since there s no circadian clock. As Jennifer said, this is not a surprise since we have found other photoreceptors that don t require WC-1 they just don t appear to be the circadian photoreceptor. 

This term is restricted here to equipment in which finely divided solids in suspension interact with gases. Solids fluidized by liquids are called slurries. Three phase fluidized mixtures occur in some coal liquefaction and petroleum treating processes. In dense phase gas-solid fluidization, a fairly definite bed level is maintained in dilute phase systems the solid is entrained continuously through the reaction zone and is separated out in a subsequent zone. 

Flood-Point Definition In 1966, Silvey and Keller [Chem. Eng. Progr. 62(1), 68 (1966)] listed 10 different flood point definitions that have been used by different literature sources. A later survey (Kister and Gill, Proceedings of Chemeca 92, p. 185-2, Canberra, Australia, 1992) listed twice that many. As Silvey and Keller pointed out, the existence of so many definitions puts into question what constitutes flooding in a packed tower, and at what gas rate it occurs. Symptoms used to identify flood in these definitions include appearance of liquid on top of the bed, excessive entrainment, a sharp rise... 

Reentrainment from the bottom of the cyclone can be prevented in several ways. If a typical long-cone dry cyclone is used and liquid is kept continually drained, vortex entrainment is unlikely. However, a vortex breaker baffle in the outlet is desirable, and perhaps a flat disk on top extending to within 2 to 5 cm (0.8 to 2 in) of the walls may be beneficial. Often liquid cyclones are built without cones and have dished bottoms. The modifications described earlier are definitely needed in such situations. Stern, Caplan, and Rush (Cyclone Dust Collectors, American Petroleum Institute, New York, 1955) and Rietema and Verver (in Tengbergen, Cyclones in Industry, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1961, chap. 7) have discussed liquid-collecting cyclones. 

Equations (3.89) and (3.90) equate the tray active area vapor loading VN to the maximum VM for determining the gas in liquid entrainment flooding of the tray. The early work of Souders and Brown [12], based on a force balance on an average suspended droplet of liquid, led to the definition of a capacity parameter VM- Both VN and Where refer to the active area of the tray. This active area is simply the net tower cross-section internal area less the downcomer areas. The downcomer areas include both the downcomer inlets and outlets. 

The cytotoxic effect of the circadian administration of 5-FU depends on a variety of factors, which we consider in turn below. These factors include the mean duration D of the cell cycle phases, the variability V of cell cycle phase durations, entrainment by the circadian clock, and timing of the daily peak in 5-FU. For definiteness we consider the case where the cell cycle length, in the absence of entrainment, is equal to 22 h. 

The author believes that due to the variations in the predominant symptom with the system and the packing, the use of multiple symptoms is most appropriate. The author prefers the following definition by Bravo and Fair (50), A region of rapidly increasing pressure drop with simultaneous loss of mass transfer efficiency. Heavy entrainment is also recognized as a symptom of this region. An almost identical definition was presented earlier by Billet (56). 

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