Energy industrial sector

RenewableUK. 2010. Guidelines for Onshore and Offshore Wind Farms Health and Safety in the Wind Energy Industry Sector, http //www.renewableuk.com/en/publications/ index.cfm/guidelines-for-onshore-and-offshore-wind-farms. 

Within the solid-fuel and energy industrial sectors the two usual approaches to resolving this problem are ... 

Actively share experiences and lessons learned within their own organization and within other energy industry sectors and ensure appropriate follow up. 

Table 1 is an estimate of energy usage by United States industry for 1988 (1). The chemical industry used 21% of the energy consumed by the U.S. industrial sector, and the other three related process industries, paper (qv), petroleum (qv), and primary metals, combined for an additional 50% of the industrial consumption. 

Consumption in the transportation sector historically has been less than either the industrial sector or the residential and commercial sector, but it is of greater concern because consumption is almost entirely petroleum as opposed to a mix of petroleum, natural gas, and electricity. And because electricity can be generated from a number of different sources, and because there is greater opportunity to substitute one source of energy for another in generating electricity, the price and supply security that exists in other sectors does not apply to the transportation sector. 

There has been not only gi owth m the total number of electric motors (more standard appliances in use), but also a proliferation in their use for new, novel applications. Both trends will continue to increase demand for the electricity to run electric motors. In the United States, electric motors arc responsible for consuming more than half of all electricity, and for the industrial sector alone, close to two-thirds. Since the cost of the electricity to power these motors is enormous (estimated at more than 90 billion a year), research is focused on finding ways to increase the energy efficiency of motors and motor systems. 

The commercial and industrial sectors account for more than fifty percent of all energy consumption in the United States. The Departinent of Commerce (DOC), whose mission is to improve the overall competitiveness of the commercial and industrial sector, is very concerned with reducing consumption through conservation and energy efficiency, and in improving the competitiveness of the energy businesses on the production issues. 

Industrial sector economic energy intensity trends in selected industrialized countries, 1970-1995. 

Much of the potential for improvement in technical energy efficiencies in industrial processes depends on how closely such processes have approached their thermodynamic limit. There are two types of energy efficiency measures (1) more efficient use in existing equipment through improved operation, maintenance or retrofit of equipment and (2) use of more efficient new equipment by introducing more efficient processes and systems at the point of capital turnover or expansion of production. More efficient practices and new technologies exist for all industrial sectors. Table 2 outlines some examples of energy efficiency improvement techniques and practices. 

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