Energy dispersion component

Polymer Surface energy, total, mJ/m Surface energy, dispersion component, mJ/m Surfaee energy, polar component, mJ/m ... 

Aguilar M A and Olivares del Valle F J 1989 A computation procedure for the dispersion component of the interaction energy in continuum solute solvent models Ohem. Rhys. 138 327-36... 

Fig. 17. A schematic of the alkane line obtained by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) measurements. The relative retention volume of carrier gas required to elute a series of alkane probe gases is plotted against the molar area of the probe times the. square root of its surface tension. The slope of the plot is yielding the dispersion component of the surface energy of...

The polar and dispersion components of the surface energy are generally obtained using two liquids, for example water and formamide. To calculate yf and y/, the following values for y/ and yf were taken [3] ... 

FIGURE 33.2 Dispersive component of carbon black surface energy as a function of its surface area. 

FIGURE 33.3 Dispersive component of surface energy and dispersion quality in ESBR as a function of heat treatment of N234. 

This dispersion energy is coupled to an exchange-dispersion component ... 

Fig. 7.17. Basic components of the apparatus used for the measurement of X-ray fluorescence by the wavelength and energy dispersive methods.WDX X-rays from the source (A) are allowed to impinge on the sample (B) the resulting XRF is discriminated by the crystal (C), and finally measured by the detector (D). EDX X-rays from the source (A) are allowed to impinge on the sample (B), and the resulting XRF is measured by the detector (D).

By the geometric-mean method [106] the total surface free energy (y ), the polar (yl") and dispersive component (yf) of both systems were calculated (Fig. 9.10 e,f). 

DS Total energy (mN/m) Polar component (%) Dispersive component (%) Contact angle (°)... 

It is not difficult to apply the concept of the dispersion component of y to solid surfaces. In doing this, it is necessary to treat high- and low-energy surfaces differently. We shall not consider solid interfaces in detail our treatment is limited to the following observations. ... 

Thus the pairwise energy, equation (12), sums a hydrophobic/hydropathic component [equation (13)] and a Lennard-Jones type dispersion component [equation (14)]. Peculiar to HINT is the sign-flip function T jj of equation (13) which examines each atom-atom interaction and corrects the sign (T jj = 1) for polar interactions, e.g. those involved between acid and base functions and in hydrogen bonds. 

There is, however, a second component that results from dispersion energies. Dispersion forces are weak in water because of the low polarizability of oxygen (Table 11.2) and because of the low atom density (the dispersion energies are additive). This is an additional factor favoring the self-association of hydrocarbons, as they have a higher atom density and the polarizability of —CH2— is greater than that of O. 

Scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive x-ray system accessory has been used to identify the composition and nature of minerals in coals and to determine the associations of minerals with each other. Examinations can be made on samples resulting from ashing techniques or whole coal. With this technique it is possible to identify the elemental components and deduce the mineral types present in coal samples. Computerized systems to evaluate scanning electron microscopy images have been developed and are useful in characterizing the minerals in coal mine dusts and in coal. 

---