Encapsulation alginates

Fig. 4 Comparison of survival fractions of EMT6/WT and EMT6/AR1.0 cells treated for 1 h with different doses of ACMS-GOX. 5x10 cells were seeded in 10 cm Petri dishes containing 10 ml of growth medium 24 h before the treatment. The data points and error bars represent mean SD of at least three independent experiments, where not shown, the SDs lie within the symbols (ACMS-GOX glucose oxidase-encapsulated alginate-chitosan microspheres) (adapted from Liu [115])...

Ramadas, M. Paul, W. Dileep, K.J. Anitha, Y. Sharma, C.P. Lipoinsulin encapsulated alginate-chito-san capsules Intestinal delivery in diabetic rats. J. Microencapsul. 2000,17 (4), 405-411. 

Protein encapsulated alginate microspheres [214] or collagen nanoparticles [215] Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and nerve growth factor (NGF) -a sustained release of BSA was achieved over an 11-day period, and NGF over a thirty-day period in-vitro Composite hydrogel The full biocompatibility, the adequate mechanical strength and excellent optical clarity gave them possible use as therapeutic lenses for drug delivery and as corneal substitute for transplantation into patients who have corneal diseases. 

Seo et al. (2005) added xyloglucan (XG) as an artificial ECM into hepatocyte-encapsulated alginate MCs as the XG obtained from tamarind seed has galactose residues in the side chain. More than 70% of cultured hepatocytes in the alginate/XG scaffolds participated in spheroid formation after 2 days, whereas most hepatocytes in alginate MCs remained as a few aggregates even after 3 days as shown in Figure 6.7. 

Lee, S.J., Kang, T., Rhie, J.W., Cho, D.W., 2007. Development of three-dimensional hybrid scaffold using chondrocyte-encapsulated alginate hydrogel. Sensors and Materials 19,445-451. 

Kim, B., et al., 2008. Eabrication of cell-encapsulated alginate microfiber scaffold using microfluidic channel. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 130 (2), 021016. Available at http //manufacturing-science.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx articleid=1452031. 

Another biomedical appHcation of mictocapsules is the encapsulation of Hve mammalian ceUs for transplantation into humans. The purpose of encapsulation is to protect the transplanted ceUs or organisms from rejection by the host. The capsule sheU must prevent entrance of harmful agents into the capsule, aUow free transport of nutrients necessary for ceU functioning into the capsule, and aUow desirable ceUular products to freely escape from the capsule. This type of encapsulation has been carried out with a number of different types of Hve ceUs, but studies with encapsulated pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans ate most common. The alginate—poly(L-lysine) encapsulation process originally developed in 1981 (54) catalyzed much of the ceU encapsulation work carried out since. A discussion of the obstacles to the appHcation of microencapsulation in islet transplantation reviewed much of the mote recent work done in this area (55). Animal ceU encapsulation has also been researched (56). 

Keywords immobilised cell reactor (ICR) Saccharomyces cerevisiae ethanol fermentation encapsulated beads calcium alginate... 

Microspheres were prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and alginate by emulsion phase separation. The encapsulated bovine serum albumin was... 

Microcapsules can be used for mammalian cell culture and the controlled release of drugs, vaccines, antibiotics and hormones. To prevent the loss of encapsulated materials, the microcapsules should be coated with another polymer that forms a membrane at the bead surface. The most well-known system is the encapsulation of the alginate beads with poly-L-lysine. 

Chou Al, Nicoll SB (2009) Characterization of photocrosslinked alginate hydrogels for nucleus pulposus cell encapsulation. J Biomed Mater Res A 91(1) 187-194... 

In Table 3, the membranes of capsules 2,7,8, and 10 are quite dense and have low permeability. In Table 4, capsule entries 2 and 4 are again relatively impermeable and are probably unsuitable for xenogeneic cell encapsulation. By comparison the alginate/cellulose sulfate//polydimethylene-co-guanidine/calcium chloride capsules seem to offer the most suitable MWCO (approximately 100 kD). This type of capsule is photographed in Fig. 2, with... 

Friedli AC, Schlager IR, Wright SW. Demonstrating encapsulation and release a new take on alginate complexation and the nylon rope trick. J Chem Ed 2005 82 1017-1020. 

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