Alginate complexes

This is composed of the sodium and ealeium salts of alginic add formed into a powder or fibrous material and sterilized by autoelaving. It aids clotting by forming a sodium-caldum alginate complex in contact with tissue fluids, acting principally as a mechanical haemostat. It is relatively slowly absorbed and some residues may occasionally remain in the tissues. 

Friedli AC, Schlager IR, Wright SW. Demonstrating encapsulation and release a new take on alginate complexation and the nylon rope trick. J Chem Ed 2005 82 1017-1020. 

Nondegradable polymers are also useful as matrices for ocular implants. This application requires the polymer to be hydrophilic, to minimize local tissue irritation. Need for ocular implants stems from the challenges posed to conventional ocular medicines (i.e., eye drops) such as rapid dilution, tear washout, poor patient compliance, and limited bioavailability. Ocular implants from hydrophilic polymer matrices that provide localized sustained release may overcome the above limitations. The first polymeric sustained release product to reach the market was Ocusert , a pilocarpin sustained release ocular implant developed by Alza. Ocusert has the drug reservoir as a thin disc of pilocarpine-alginate complex sandwiched between two transparent discs of microporous membrane fabricated from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The microporous membranes permit the tear fluid to penetrate into the drug reservoir compartment to dissolve pilocarpine from the complex. Pilocarpine molecules are then released at a constant rate of 20 or 40 pg/hr for a four- to seven-day management of glaucoma. 

In this controlled-release ocular insert, the drug reservoir is a thin disc of pilocarpine-alginate complex sandwiched between two transparent discs of micro-porous membrane fabricated from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Fig. 5). The microporous membranes permit the tear fluid to penetrate into the drug... 

Patil, J. S., Kamalapur, M. V., Marapur, S. C., Shiralshetti, S. S., and Kadam, D. V. lonotropically gelled chitosan-alginate complex hydrogel beads Preparation, characterization and in-vitro evaluation. Indian J. Pharm. Edu. Res. 46(3) (2012) 248-252. 

E. Mi, H. Sung, S. Shyu, Drug release from chitos i-alginate complex beads reinforced by a naturally occurring cross-linking agent, Carbohydr. Polym. 48 (1) (2002) 61-72. 

Daly, M.M. and Knorr, D. (1988) Chitosan-alginate complex coacervate capsules effects of calcium chloride, plasticizers, and polyelectrolytes on mechanical stability. Biotechnology Progress, 4,76—81. 

In stoichiometric conditions, the complex is usually insoluble and can be exploited to obtain fibres, films or capsules. The chitosan-alginate complex was examined for alginates with different molecular weights and M/G ratios [27, 28] given its many applications, particularly in the biomedical field. 

Wibowo, S., Savant, V., Cherian, G., Savage, T.F, and Torres, J.A. 2005a. Evaluation as a feed ingredient of surimi wash water protein recovered using a chitosan-alginate complex. J. Aquat Food Prod. Technol. 14(1) 55-72. 

Choi J-W, Yang K-S, Kim D-J, Lee CE (2009) Adsorption of zinc and toluene by alginate complex impregnated with zeolite and activated carbon. Curr Appl Phys 9(3) 694-697 Chojnacki A, Chojnacka K, Hoffmann J, Gorecki H (2004) The application of natural zeolites for mercury removal from laboratory tests to industrial scale. Min Eng 17(7-8) 933-937 Clancy JL, Hargy TM, Marshall MM, Dyksen JE (1998) UV light inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts. J Am Water Works Assoc 90(9) 92-102... 

Papageorgiou, S.K., Kouvelos, E.P., Fawas, E.P., Sapalidis, A.A., Romanos, G.E., and Katsaros, F.K. (2010) Metal-carboxylate interactions in metal-alginate complexes studied with FTIR spectroscopy. Carbohydr. Res., 245, 469-473. 

With chitosan-alginate complex, it was shown that the complex is an excellent temporary support to accommodate and stimulate new tissue growth for osteoblast, fibroblast and chondrocyte adhesion. [175, 178, 183] Under fiber morphology, it is claimed to be a good biomaterial for cartilage and ligament tissue engineering. [175]... 

Eucalyptus oil 1,8-Cineole a-Pinene p-Cymen alginate complex capsules antibacterial [15]... 

Chang, C. P. Dobashi, T. (2003). Preparation of alginate complex capsules containing eucalyptus essential oil and its controlled release. Colloids and surfaces B Biointerfaces, 32, 257-262. 

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