Spironolactone Enalapril

Drugs proved to reduce mortality in chronic congestive heart failure include all of the following EXCEPT (A) Captopril Carvedilol Digoxin Enalapril Spironolactone... 

Cardiovascular Acetyldigosin, ajmaline, amiodarone, aprindine, bepridil, bezaflbrate, captopril, dinepazide, clopidogrel, coumarins, diazoxide, digoxin, dipyridamole, disopyramide, doxazosin, enalapril, flurbiprofen, fur-oxemide, hydralazine, lisinopril methyldopa, metolazone, nifedipine, phenindione, procainamide, propanolol, propafenone, quinidine, ramapril, spironolactone, thiazide diuretics, ticlopidine, vesnarinone... 

A 63-year-old man reduced his dietary sodium intake to combat fluid retention and was taking furosemide 40 mg/ day, spironolactone 50 mg/day, and enalapril 2.5 mg/day (26). He then took amiodarone 800 mg/day for 7 days and his serum sodium concentration fell to 119 mmol/1 his plasma vasopressin concentration was raised at 2.6 pmol/1. The dose of amiodarone was reduced to 100 mg/day, with fluid restriction his sodium rose to 130 mmol/1 and his vasopressin fell to 1.4 pmol/1. 

Clinical benefits and effects on mortality and hospitalization Whether used alone or in combination, hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate decrease the preload and afterload, decrease mitral regurgitation, improve cardiac output, increase exercise capacity, modestly increase LVEF and prolong survival in patients with HF (63,64). V-Heart Failure Trial (HeFT) II (64) showed that enalapril had a major benefit on survival when compared with the combination of hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate with enalapril in patients with predominantly NYHA class ll-lll. The African Americans in Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT) (65) showed a beneficial effect of adding vasodilator therapy to African-American patients already treated with ACE inhibitors, (3 blockers, and spironolactone. There are no results with the same strategy in other patient groups. 

Potassium-rich foods (e.g. bananas) can cause hyperkalaemia if the medication(s) used also tend to cause hyperkalaemia, for example potassiumsparing diuretics (triamterene, spironolactone), ACE inhibitors (captopril, enalapril, etc,), angiotensin receptor blockers and indometacin,... 

Enalapril, paracetamol, sotalol, dipyrone, vancomycin, captopril, fluconazole, cefazolin, metoprolol, aspirin, ticlopidine, prednisolone, propranolol, digoxin, sildenafil, furosemide, dexamethasone, carvedilol, ketoprofen, nifedipine, terbinafine, acenocoumarol, spironolactone/urine HPLC DAD Column LiChroCART Purospher STAR, RP-18e (250 x 4 mm, 5 pm) Mobile phase MeOH ACN 0.05 % TFA in water (gradient elution) Detection DAD X = 200 50 nm Adjusted to pH 7.0, protein precipitation LOD 0.01-1.44 pg/mL LOQ 0.04-4.35 pg/mL [72]... 

Milrinone, enalapril, carvedilol, spironolactone, acenocumarol, ticlopidine, cilazapril, 2-oxoticlopidine, cilazaprilat, canrenone, 5 -hydroxycarvedilol, 0-desmethylcarvedilol, enalaprilat/urine UHPLC UV Column Poroshell 120 EC-Cig (100 X 3.0 mm 2.7 pm) Mobile phase Solvent A 0.05 % TEA in water Solvent B ACN (gradient elution) Detection 2 = 227, 235, 255, 269, 285, 324 nm Extraction MBPS/ sorbent C18/elution MeOH ACN (50 50 v/v) LOQ 0.016-0.045 pg/mL [76]... 

A 50-year-old man with heart failure and a valve prosthesis, taking digoxin, furosemide, and spironolactone, was given enalapril 5 mg/day. Two days later, after increasing the dose to 10 mg, he developed a fever with cough and clear sputum, with a normal chest X-ray. Enalapril was withdrawn and 24 hours later the fever resolved. It recurred immediately after rechallenge. 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with ACE inhibitors, benazepril, captopril, cyclosporine, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril, magnesium, moexipril, potassium salts, quinapril, quinidine, ramipril, spironolactone, trandolapril, zofenopril... 

Digoxin Dobutamine Enalapril Furosemide Quinidine Spironolactone... 

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