Emulsion theory

P. Becher, Emulsions Theory andPractice, 2nd ed.. Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, 1977. 

The impression that little or nothing is known about emulsion theory and technology, however, is far from the truth. Indeed, a great deal is known— much has been learned from theoretical studies and the Edisonian techniques have made their contributions. In terms of the stability of an emulsion one can predict to a certain extent the effects of radical changes in the types of emulsifier used, changes in pH, addition of certain salts, etc. Qualitatively the effects of changes in viscosity or particle size can also be predicted. 

D. J. McClements, N. Herrmann, Y. Hemar 1998, (Influence of flocculation on the ultrasonic properties of emulsions theory), J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 31, 2950. 

P Becher. Testing of emulsion properties. In Emulsions Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. New York Reinhold Publ. Co., 1957, pp 381 129. 

Pidgeon, C., Hunt, A.H., and Dittrich, K. (1986) Formation of multilayered vesicles from water/organic-solvent (W/O) emulsions theory and practice. Pharm. Res. 3, 23-34. 

Prince LM (1977) Micro emulsions - theory and practice.Academic Press, Inc... 

Becher P (1977) Emulsions Theory and Practice, reprint 2nd ed. Robert Krieger Publishing Co. Huntington NY... 

Becher. P. Emulsions Theory and Practice, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, NY, 2001. 

Becher, P., Emulsions, Theory and Practice, Chap. 3, Rheinhold, New... 

Liquid emulsions are inherently unstable to a varying degree. It is important to understand, therefore, the mechanisms that contribute to emulsion stability. Before the solidification step, instability of an emulsion can arise due to either phase separation or phase inversion (Mulder and Walstra, 1974). It is evident that the likelihood of phase inversion will increase as the fraction of dispersed phase increases. The vast majority of literature references are concerned with the stability to phase separation as coalescence or creaming in oil-in-water emulsions (Hailing, 1981 Jaynes, 1983). In addition, a method for determining the stability of water-in-oil emulsions to inversion has not been reported. It is usually assumed that certain aspects of oil-in-water emulsion theory apply in reverse to water-in-oil emulsions. 

Becher P (1965) Emulsion, Theory and Practice. Reinhold, New York... 

The results obtained in this study can be interpreted in terms of existing emulsion theory. Specifically, we find that in the range of reaction conditions employed in this study Smith-Ewart s Case I is closely approximated. 

P. Becher, Emulsions Theory and Practice, Chapman Hall, London, U.K., 1957. 

All of the petroleum emulsion applications or problems just discussed have in common the same basic principles of colloid science that govern the nature, stability, and properties of emulsions. The widespread importance of emulsions in general and scientific interest in their formation, stability, and properties have precipitated a wealth of published literature on the subject. This chapter provides an introduction and is intended to complement the other chapters in this book on petroleum emulsions. A good starting point for further basic information is one of the classic texts Becher s Emulsions Theory and Practice (4) or Sumner s Claytons Theory of Emulsions and... 

Beeker, P. "Emulsions Theory and Practice", 2nd Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold New York, 1965. 

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