Employment/unemployment

In the U.S., over 16 million people purchase their basic health coverage on their own. These purchasers include individuals who are self-employed, unemployed, and nof eligible for a public health insurance program. They also include persons who are not eligible for their employer s coverage or their employer does not offer health insurance. 

Using the federal system, the New Jersey Department of Labor assigns the classification code at the time that an employer registers his or her business with that department for unemployment insurance programs. The assignment is based on the employer s description of the primary activity of the business. 

The friction cost method (Koopmanschap et al. 1995) assumes that the human capital approach has a tendency to overestimate the indirect household costs. If a worker is seriously sick or dies, his job will be vacant for some time until a new person is hired or trained. However, the loss will not be there for many years. Therefore, the loss of human capital is calculated not until the time of retirement, but until the time of replacement. This approach is correct for unskilled labor in a situation of unemployment. It fits neither to a fully employed economy nor to a subsistence farmer society where there is no substitution of a father who died. 

But one couldn t look back to 1936 and say that Ter Meer, skeptically studying the influence of buna on Farben s fortunes and on the economy as a whole, could foresee that full employment sometimes brings greater evils than unemployment. Auschwitz existed then only as a "buna plant to the east." The name "Auschwitz" did not yet exist, except as the German translation for a little Polish town in Upper Silesia. Not until 1937 did full employment and "buna autarchy" begin to move eastward, driven by more than the danger of financial failure. In that year, said Ter Meer, "political reasons" dictated an abnormal expansion of most of Farben s plants, with the biggest emphasis on buna rubber. 

Where the facts show that the employee was specifically hired to make inventions, the inventions that result belong to the employer, and the employee is required to assign them to him. This doctrine applies, however, only to those inventions that fall within the field for which he was actually hired and not to inventions he may make in other areas.. .. if the employee engages in inventive activity that is entirely independent of his job, e.g., work done at home in areas not related to his employment and not involving the use of his employers facilities or time, the inventions that result belong entirely to the employee just as though he were unemployed (2). 

Heylin, M. (2003b). Unemployment at record high. Chemical and Engineering News, 87(25), 12. Heylin, M. (2004). Employment and salary survey. 82(33), 26—34. 

Table 1.7 shows the total employment of all workers, technical and nontechnical, by the chemical industry as well as by all manufacturing. Note that about 18.4 million workers are in all manufacturing, about 1.0 million in Chemicals and Allied Products. Employment in the chemical industry is relatively constant. This is to be contrasted to other major industries— construction and automobiles, for example— where employment can be down during a recession. Overall the chemical industry is in good shape. It is believed that about 160,000 chemists and 120,000 chemical engineers are employed in the U.S. The American Chemical Society alone has over 160,000 members currently. Unemployment of chemists is low, and in March 2001 it was 1.5%. It is always much lower than the nationwide unemployment. 

Boredom is a great enemy in this situation, with marked differences between areas and countries in the UkeUhood of gaining employment. In our areas unemployment generally is at high levels, and drug users can feel as if they have few or no prospects. There is no establishment of special schemes whereby users who have detoxified can secure employment as part of rehabilitation, and we often have to provide much encouragement and practical help to seek the few opportunities that there are. The probation service can sometimes offer places on schemes for ex-offenders in particular. 

A comparison of table 6.7 with the comparable figures in tables 1.1, 3.2 and 5.3 shows that in the post-war period defence took up a higher proportion of GDP down to 1968/9 than had been the case in the ten years before the First World War or in the years 1920/1 to 1936/7 inclusive. Moreover, whereas the rise in defence expenditure in the late 1930s had been at a time of high unemployment, the competition between civil and military use of labour and capital was much greater in conditions of full employment after the Second World War. In these circumstances economic analysis suggests that defence expenditure contributed to Britain s slower economic growth compared with countries that devoted less of GDP to defence. A study of fourteen advanced... 

If there s only one gap in your employment history, you can still use a chronological resume format, but don t make it obvious that there was a period of time you were out of work. Never include a line within your resume stating, "Unemployed" or "Out of Work" along with the corresponding dates. For the time being, pretend it never happened. 

Vol. 593 J. Rubart, The Employment Effects of Technological Change Heterogenous Labor, Wage Inequality and Unemployment. XII, 209 pages, 2007... 

These stahstics tell employers that developing methods to accurately evaluate potential candidates, and then retain that talent once employed, is increasingly difficult yet more important than ever before. Even during these times of growing unemployment, attracting and retaining talent can impact a company s bottom-line financial success. Recruiting to fill positions costs time and money, and vacancies affect production. 

Universal health insurance was established in 1961. Nearly the entire population is covered through the employer plans or through programs for the unemployed, retired, or self-employed. Employees pay 10% of the cost of treatments, up to an annual ceiling, and also pay a portion of their premiums, with their employers. 

---