Emission real world driving

If the latest technologies are effective under real-world driving conditions, then a reduction in NOx emissions of almost 60% over the period 2010-2020 is projected. However, there is evidence that Euro 5 diesel cars are not delivering the expected reductions in NOx emissions during real-world driving (see discussion below). The future emission reduction therefore crucially depends on the performance and rate of introduction of Euro 6/VI technologies. So far, only a few tests on prototype Euro... 

Fig. 6 Projection of NOx emissions from road vehicles in Europe (EU-27). Together with a business-as-usual scenario, a trend scenario up to 2030 - in which Euro 5 and Euro 6 emission limits do not reduce car NOx emissions during real-world driving below the Euro 4 level - has been included (Euro 5/6 failure line). Source Amann et al. [44]...

The composition and quantity of the particles emitted from motor vehicles could be determined by direct and indirect methods. The most widely used methods for evaluating vehicle tailpipe emissions are dynamometer tests, which involve measurements of emissions from selected vehicles using standardized driving cycles under controlled conditions. However, a key concern with these tests is that they do not fully represent real-world driving conditions and emissions. A number of studies reported that particulate emissions from motor vehicles operated under real-world conditions can be significantly different from the results obtained from dynamometer-based studies conducted in the laboratory (Fraser et al. 1999). 

One regulatory development that will drive SCR system design in Europe and elsewhere is emerging now in Europe Real-World Driving Emissions (RDE). Investigators have found that NOx emissions from LD diesels can be 3-4X higher... 

Fontaras G, Pistikopoulos P, Samaras Z (2008) Experimental evaluation of hybrid vehicle fuel economy and pollutant emissions over real-world simulation driving cycles. Atmos Environ 42 4023 035... 

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