EMBL

EMBL (European Molecular Biology Laboratory) [33] is a nucleotide sequence database provided from the online host EBl. Release 73 (December, 2002) consists of over 20 million nucleotide sequences with more than 28 billion nucleotides. The information includes sequence name, species, sequence length, promoter, taxonomy, and nucleic acid sequence. 

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The SWISS-PROT database [36] release 40.44 (February, 2003) contains over 120 000 sequences of proteins with more than 44 million amino adds abstracted from about 100 000 references. Besides sequence data, bibHographical references, and taxonomy data, there are highly valuable annotations of information (e.g., protein function), a minimal level of redundancy, and a high level of integration with other databases (EMBL, PDB, PIR, etc.). The database was initiated in 1987 by a partnership between the Department of Medicinal Biochemistry of the University of Geneva, Switzerland, and the EMBL. Now SWISS-PROT is driven as a joint project of the EMBL and the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB). 

EMBL European Bioinformatics Institute nucleotide sequence database biblio., sub- stance, se- quence 20mio nucleotide seq., 28billion nucleotides journals, author submis- sions European Bioinformatics Institute free daily http //www.e- hi.ac.uk/embl/ index.html... 

GenBank (NCBI, USA) EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (Europe) DDBJ (Japan) The three main nucleotide sequence databases, which are synchronised daiiy... 

Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL Annotated non-redundant protein sequence database, TrEMBL is a computer-annotated supplement to Swiss-Prot. TrEMBL contains the translations of all coding sequences present in the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database which are no yet integrated into Swiss-Prot... 

PhD, TOPITS http //www.embl-heidelberg.de/predictprotein/predictprotein.html... 

WHATCHECK http //www.sander.embl-heidelberg.de/whatcheck/... 

Several programs are now available that use multiple alignment of homologous proteins for prediction of secondary structure. One such program, called PHD, which was developed by Chris Sander and coworkers, EMBL, Heidelberg, has reached a mean accuracy of prediction of 72% for new structures. 

Biological raw data are stored in public databanks (such as Genbank or EMBL for primary DNA sequences). The data can be submitted and accessed via the World Wide Web. Protein sequence databanks like trEMBL provide the most likely translation of all coding sequences in the EMBL databank. Sequence data are prominent, but also other data are stored, e.g.yeast two-hybrid screens, expression arrays, systematic gene-knock-out experiments, and metabolic pathways. 

In the biosciences, a databank (or data bank) is a structured set of raw data, most notably DNA sequences from sequencing projects (e.g. the EMBL and GenBank databases). 

Similar residues in the cores of protein structures especially hydrophobic residues at the same positions, are responsible for common folds of homologous proteins. Certain sequence profiles of conserved residue successions have been identified which give rise to a common fold of protein domains. They are organized in the smart database (simple modular architecture research tool) http //smait.embl-heidelberg.de. 

Maintains the EMBL Nucleotide and SWISS-PROT databases as well as other databases.)... 

Sequences of the genes/cDNAs can be retrieved from databases on the Internet at various web sites. For example, GeneBank (at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI) is at http //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Web/Search/index.html. The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence database (through the European Bioinformatic Institute, EBI) can be found at http //www.ebi.ac.uk/queries/queries.html, whilst that of the DNA Data Bank of Japan is at http //www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/. 

McLean, Adam. Emblematic meditation. rhttp //www.levitv.com/alchemv/embl med.htmll. 

European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, and f Max-Planck-Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG), D-01307 Dresden, Germany... 

OTOKO Scattering curve evaluation program by M. Koch (EMBL, Hamburg)... 

The basic principles of position-sensitive detectors are published in an early review of J. Hendrix [78], A review on 2D X-ray scattering of polymers including a description of detectors has been published by Rudolf Landes [38], Wilson [79] describes the detector development at EMBL, Hamburg which contributed to the commercial success of mar research Inc. 

Gene cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequence EMBL X98131 (OR) and EMBL Y12654... 

The European Molecular Biology Laboratory s (EMBL s) offers a well-equipped pro-teomics laboratory in its facilities at the Proteomics Visitor Facility (Heidelberg, Germany). The services in MB concern protein isolation, imaging, and robotics sample preparation, supported by some other analytical facilities. 

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