Embedded metal wire

Kubota, N., Ichida, M., and Fujisawa, T., Combustion Processes of Propellants with Embedded Metal Wires, AIAA Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1,1982, pp. 116-121. 

In the first reconstruction [27] of road slabs contaminated with CL, silicon iron anodes were embedded in a layer of coke breeze as shown in Fig. 19-4a or the current connection was achieved with noble metal wires in a conducting mineral bedding material. Slots were ground into the concrete surface for this purpose at spacings of about 0.3 m (see Fig. 19-4b). This system is not suitable for vertical structures. 

Two further techniques to realize microelectrodes should be mentioned. Thin metal wires have been embedded into relatively soft ionic crystals such as AgCl and... 

Electrical and electronic devices are made utilizing several various types of plastic materials, thus when discarded their waste is difficult to recycle. The plastics employed in housing and other appliances are more or less homogeneous materials (among others PP, PVC, PS, HIPS, ABS, SAN, Nylon 6,6, the pyrolysis liquids of which have been discussed above). However, metals are embedded in printed circuit boards, switches, junctions and insulated wires, moreover these parts contain fire retardants in addition to support and filler materials. Pyrolysis is a suitable way to remove plastics smoothly from embedded metals in electrical and electronic waste (EEW), in addition the thermal decomposition products of the plastics may serve as feedstock or fuel. PVC, PBT, Nylon 6,6, polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene ether (PPO), epoxy and phenolic resins occur in these metal-containing parts of EEW. 

Figure 3.6 Homogeneous (a) and heterogeneous (b) reactive distillation (c) structured packing (Katapak-S, from Sulzer) for reactive distillation, consisting of layers of metal wire gauze in which a catalyst is embedded and immobilized in pockets. ...

In propellants, increase in burning rate has been demonstrated by embedment of pieces of metal wires. They act physically by conducting the heat from the flame front deeper and faster into the propellant grain. In a somewhat similar vein, it has been found that radiative heat transfer in more or less translucent propellants can create hot spots in dark specks of impurities and thus cause erratic burning. This is of course undesirable. Uniform darkening of the grain by carbon black is the answer to this deficiency. 

F To illustrate this property in the framework of an Important case of analytical electrochemistry, let us consider the system In figure 1.6. The working electrode Is a 4 mm In diameter copper disc (cross section of a metal wire embedded In an insulating material) the counter-electrode Is a 1 mm in diameter platinum wire with a length i Immersed In the electrolyte. 

Interaction of the metalhc stent and the tracheobronchial wall is expected unlike plastic tube stents. This leads to specific problems. Removal of a metalhc stent, which is incorporated into the mucosa several weeks after deployment is extremely difficult and sometimes requires laser destruction of the stent struts in order to remove the stent piece by piece . Similarly, repositioning of an embedded metal stent is more difficult than relocation of a silicone stent. Covered metal stents exert less problems regarding removal and repositioning than uncovered mesh stents, where the open mesh design can lead to complete inoculation of the small stent wires into the mucosa. 

Note that the issue of the brittleness of ceramics restricting their application is not limited to structural applications. For instance, the brittleness of superconducting ceramics had to be resolved by employing them either as thin films on ductile metal wires or embedded within ductile metal casings. Thus the understanding of how to defeat the brittleness of the ceramics impacts their use in a host of applications. 

Polymer yarns twisted/embedded with metallic wires... 

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