Electroresponsive polymers

Electroresponsive polymers can lead to materials that swell, shrink, or bend in response to an electric field [103, 104]. Because electroresponsive polymers can 

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Servant, A., Methven, L., Williams, R.P., Kostarelos, K., 2013. Electroresponsive polymer-carbon nanotube hydrogel hybrids for pulsatile drug delivery in vivo. Advanced Healthcare Materials 2, 806—811. 

FIGURE 87.10 Schematic illustration of the bending phenomena of an electroresponsive polymer hydrogel. 

Among the most investigated electroresponsive polymers for biomedical applications are polyelectrolyte hydrogels based on both natural and synthetic polymers, with... 

WJ Li, A Gharavi, Q Wang, LP Yu. In IM Khan, JS Harrison, eds. Field Responsive Polymers Electroresponsive, Photoresponsive, and Responsive Polymers in Chemistry and Biology, Washington, DC, American Chemical Society, 1999, p 237. 

B-1999MI2 I. M. Khan and J. S. Harrison, Eds. Acs Symposium Field Responsive Polymers Electroresponsive, Photoresponsive and... 

Kim, J.W. Jang, L.W. Choi, H.J. Jhon, M.S. Physical and electroresponsive characteristics of the intercalated styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer/ clay nanocomposite under applied electric fields. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 89, 821-827. 

Fei, J., Zhang, Z., and Gu, L. 2002. Bending behavionr of electroresponsive polyfvinyl alcohol)/ polyfacrylic acid) semi-interpenetrating network hydrogel fibres under an electric stimulus. Polym Int. 51 502-509. 

Orange coordination polymers 7.23 with two phenanthroline ligands attached to the cationic Cu(I) center have also been studied. Electrochemical investigations showed that oxidation of Cu to Cu results in a coordination change that involves metal dissociation, which is fiilly reversible upon reduction (47j. Such materials are of interest with regard to the formation of electroresponsive membranes and controlled transport materials. 

Abruna HD (1988) Conducting polymer film on metallic substrates. In Skotheim TA (ed) Electroresponsive molecular and polymeric systems, vol 1. Marcel Dekker, New York, p 98... 

Skotheim received his B.S. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute Technology and Ph.D. in physics from the University of California at Berkeley (1979). He is the editor/coeditor of the Handbook of Conducting Polymers (first and second editions, Marcel Dekker) and Electroresponsive Molecular and Polymeric Systems (Marcel Dekker), the author of more than 300 publications and more than 70 patents. He can be reached at terje.skotheim intexworld.com. 

Liquid Crystalline and Electroresponsive Polythiophenes 505 12.3.2 Synthesis of monomers and polymers... 

The versatile inclusion phenomena exhibited by the family of cyclodextrin (CD) macrocycles have been harnessed to produce supramolecular dendrimers and hyper-branched polymers. An early demonstration of exorecognition that resulted in an electroresponsive supramolecular dendrimer was published by Kaifer and coworkers in 1997 (Scheme 2). The group produced a series of polypropylene imine (PPI) " dendrimers (from the first to the fourth generation) that were decorated with cobaltacene residues at the periphery. In their multiply charged state (2), the... 

Field responsive polymers electroresponsive, photoresponsive, and responsive polymers in chemistry and biology/Ishrat M. Khan, editor, Joycelyn S. Harrison, editor. 

Kulkarni, R. V. and Sa, B. (2009). Electroresponsive polyacrylamide-grafted-xanthan hydrogels for drug delivery. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, 24, 368-384. 

Yang, S., Liu, G., Wang, X. and Song, J. (2010). Electroresponsive behavior of a sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel and its application to electrodriven artificial fish. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 117,2346-2353. 

Z. G. Soos and G. W. Hayden, Excited states of conjugated polymers, in Electroresponsive Molecular and Polymeric Systems (T. A. Skotheim, ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 1988, p. 197. 

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