Electromotive force sodium sulfate

Shedlovsky et al. studied mixtures of sodium decyl, dodecyl, and tetradecyl sulfates by electromotive force measurements and determined the extent of the dissociation of the sodium counterions by the micelles. From the data obtained strong interaction below the CMC was found for all of the mixtures except those containing more than 25 mol % of sodium decyl sulfate [122]. Commercial alcohol sulfates are mixtures of homologs with different hydrocarbon chains. It has been demonstrated [123] that the CMC of such products is lower than that expected by calculation from the linear relationship between log CMC and the number of carbon atoms of the alcohol as stated in Eq. (11). These results are shown in Fig. 9. 

Wu, Y.C.j G, Scatchard, R.M. Rush, "Osmotic and activity coefficients for binary mixtures of sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride in water at 25"C. II. Isopiestic and electromotive force measurements on the two systems without common ions", J. Phys. Chem., v73, 6, PP2047-2053 (1969)... 

Ghoreishi, S., Y. Li, D. Bloor, J. Warr, and E. Wyn-Jones (1999). Electromotive force studies associated with the hinding of sodium dodecyl sulfate to a range of nonionic polymers. Langmuir 15( 13) 4380-4387. 

Dai S, Tam KC, Wyn-Jones E, Jenkins RD (2004) Isothermal titration calorimetry and electromotive forces studies on binding interactions of hydrophobic ethoxylated urethane and sodium dodecyl sulfate of different molecular masses. J Phys Chem B 108 4979-4988... 

Similarly to previous cases, a reversed series of cation binding is observed when sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles are replaced by sodium dodecanoate micelles. As measured by Haverd and Warr, the binding strength of alkali cations to the carboxylate micelles decreases in the order Na+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs . The same order was observed also by electromotive force measurements. The same reversal in the counterion ordering was observed in catanionic systems with an excess of either SDS or sodium dodecanoate. These systems can form spontaneously vesicles with increasing concentration of added salt. 

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