Electromagnetic rockets

Determination of ionization potentials of 89 molecules) 5) W.W. Belevary, "Interaction Between Electromagnetic Waves and Flames , Part 5 Sources of Ionization in Rocket Exhaust , NOTS 1708(1957) (Conf)... 

Hydrofracturing In situ rock melting Solar orbit-Space shuttle Moon crater-Rocket/sofl lander Solar escape-Electric cannon Fission reactors Fusion reactors Electromagnetic accelerators... 

There are three basic types of electric propulsion systems electrothermal, electrostatic, and electromagnetic. In electrothermal propulsion, the propellant is heated either by an electric arc or a resistance heater. The hot propellant is then exhausted through a conventional rocket nozzle to produce thrust. Electrostatic propulsion uses electric fields to accelerate charged particles through a nozzle. In electromagnetic propulsion, an ionized plasma is accelerated by magnetic fields. In all three types, electricity from a nuclear source, such as a fission reactor, is used to power the propulsion device (Allen et ak, 2000 Bennett et al., 1994). The power flow for a typical nuclear-electric propulsion scheme is shown in Figure 1. 

---