Electromagnetic Radiation Hazards

RADHAZ electromagnetic radiation hazards RADINT radar intelhgence... 

United States Air Force (USAF) Technical Order 31Z-10-4, Electromagnetic Radiation Hazards, McClellan Air Force Base (AFB), CA, October 15,1981. 

For many of the analytical techniques discussed below, it is necessary to have a source of X-rays. There are three ways in which X-rays can be produced in an X-ray tube, by using a radioactive source, or by the use of synchrotron radiation (see Section 12.6). Radioactive sources consist of a radioactive element or compound which spontaneously produces X-rays of fixed energy, depending on the decay process characteristic of the radioactive material (see Section 10.3). Nuclear processes such as electron capture can result in X-ray (or y ray) emission. Thus many radioactive isotopes produce electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray region of the spectrum, for example 3He, 241Am, and 57Co. These sources tend to produce pure X-ray spectra (without the continuous radiation), but are of low intensity. They can be used as a source in portable X-ray devices, but can be hazardous to handle because they cannot be switched off. In contrast, synchrotron radiation provides an... 

HERO (Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance). Any Ordnance Item is defined as being HERO UNSAFE ORDNANCE when ... 

Initiation by Radio Frequency (RF) Radiation. RF radiation, ie, radio wave radar transmitters can, under certain circumstances, initiate electroexplosive devices. This topic will be discussed under Radio Frequency Radiation, Effects on Explosives. Also see articles on Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromagnetic Field Hazard, Simulated in Vol 5, pp E70-71 and Electric Blasting Caps and RF Energy in Vol 5, p E25-L... 

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). In-house and site testing services are available for EMC. The Spectrum Control, Inc is equipped for testing to MIL-STD-461, MIL-I-6iSI and similar RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) specs and also performs testing in accordance with.FCC (Federal Communications Commission) and HEW (Health, Education Welfare) requirements. The personnel are familiar with RADHAZ (Radiation Hazard) filter design and measurement problems... 

Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation below 320 nm. It thus forms an indispensable shield in the upper atmosphere, protecting the Earth s surface from most of the potentially hazardous effects of such high-energy electromagnetic radiation. There is now increasing concern because atmospheric pollutants are depleting the ozone layer worldwide, with the most serious depletion over Antarctica as a result of seasonal variations in high-altitude air circulation. In the upper atmosphere, ozone is formed from O2 ... 

The measure for the burden on human beings is the equivalent dose, stated in Sieverts (1 Sv = 1 J/kg, standardized to electromagnetic radiation). It takes into account the varying degrees of potential hazard from the different kinds of radiation. Table 7 shows the applications of radiometry classified according to fields. 

Locate equipment so that access during operations, maintenance, repair, or adjustment minimizes personnel exposure (e.g., hazardous chemicals, high voltage, electromagnetic radiation, cutting edges). 

Instructions Please list each major industrial or other type hazard not previously identiSed. Consider hazards such as electromagnetic radiation electrical, mechanical, thermal, or pressurized equipment or other hazards that could cause or contribute to serious injuries. For example, an industrial hazard could be electrocution caused by worker or procedural error. Additional notes could include a discussion of safeguards that are in place to prevent such an event. Do not list trivial hazards (i.e., diose events tlmt could only produce minor injuries). 

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