Electrolyte sulfur compound, interactions

Reactions of Compounds and Sulfur-Additive Mixtures. When additives and compounds are used to retain sulfur in the positive electrode there are other possible reactions, in addition to the usual electrochemical reactions, that can take place at the positive electrode. These include electrochemical oxidation and reduction of the additive (or compound ) and interaction of the additive with the electrolyte. In addition, there is the possibility of ternary compound formation from a reaction between the discharge product, Li2S, and sulfur compounds. Because the arsenic—sulfur system has undergone the most intensive investigation for use in lithium—sulfur cells, examples of the aforementioned reactions using arsenic are shown below ... 

An example of an interaction between the electrolyte and a sulfur compound is shown for the B2S3 system in LiF-LiCl-KCl ... 

In Chaps. 5-7 the effeets of sulfur compounds and siloxanes on performances of MCFC and SOFC are described. The mechanisms of interaction of these compounds with the components of FCs (electrodes and electrolyte) are also treated. 

Given the efforts in this group and others (Table 1) to form the Cd based II-VI compounds, studies of the formation of Cd atomic layers are of great interest. The most detailed structural studies of Cd UPD have, thus far, been published by Gewirth et al. [270-272]. They have obtained in-situ STM images of uniaxial structures formed during the UPD of Cd on Au(lll), from 0.1 M sulfuric acid solutions. They have also performed extensive chronocoulometric and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies of Cd UPD from sulfate. They have concluded that the structures observed with STM were the result of interactions between deposited Cd and the sulfate electrolyte. However, they do not rule out a contribution from surface reconstructions in accounting for the observed structures. 

Reduction of pyridine by electrolytic methods is the oldest reported industrial process involving pyridine compounds. Merck patented this process in 1896 however, catalytic hydrogenation has supplanted this process for virtually every piperidine manufacturer.8,14,13 The earliest report was by Ahrens, who described a process that others could not repeat.16 Up to 1934 the technology was to use an aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte and a lead cathode. Many of these reports are conflicting.17-19 The interacting nature of electrochemical variables may be responsible in part for these discrepancies. Thus experimentation by an approach that attempts to hold all but one variable constant is bound to lead to different results depending on where the starting point was chosen or whether an important variable was, or was not,... 

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