Electrokinetic Focusing

Schrum, D.P., Culbertson, C.T., Jacobson, S.C., Ramsey, J.M., Microchip flow cytometry using electrokinetic focusing. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 4173—4177. 

Balss, K. M., Vreeland, W. N., Howell, P. B., Henry, A. C., and Ross, D., Micellar affinity gradient focusing A new method for electrokinetic focusing. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126, 1936-1937, 2004. 

Electrokinetic Flow and Ion Transport in Nanochannels Electrokinetic Focusing... 

An alternative method is electrokinetic focusing, which uses a direct current electric field (at high voltages of 1 kV) to focus particles and Uquids into a narrow stream. Typically, the sample fluid stream is driven along the central channel of a cross-shaped channel. As the sample enters the intersection, three fluid streams meet and the sample stream is focused into narrow stream. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) can also be used for sample focusing. DEP is the movement of polarized particles in a nonuniform electric field. This phenomenon is explained further in the next section. The main advantage of this... 

Church C, Zhu J, Wang G, Tzeng TJ, Xuan X (2009) Electrokinetic focusing and filtration of cells in a serpentine microchannel. Biomicrofluidics 3 044109... 

Electrokinetic focusing refers to the application of electrokinetic sheath flows to confine a sample flow into a thin stream for dispensing. The most common configuration is a simple cross-linked microchannel. 

Electrokinetic focusing is one of the major techniques used in many biological and biomedical applications. As an example, on-chip electrophoresis separation utilizes electrokinetic focusing to create a very thin sample stream before dispensing a small plug for separation [1]. Electrokinetic focusing is also applied in cell cytometry and cell sorting to dispense cells one at a time before they... 

Jacobson SC, Ramsey JM (1997) Electrokinetic focusing in microfabricated channel structures. Anal Chem 69 3212-3217... 

Fu LM, Yang RJ, Lee GB (2003) Electrokinetic focusing injection methods on microfluidic devices. Anal Chem 75 1905-1910... 

A double-cross-injection system, which combines conventional cross-injection systems and the electrokinetic focusing technique on a single microfluidic chip, has been designed and its performance analyzed. Through the appropriate specification of the electric focusing ratio, it has been shown that the proposed system is not only... 

Balss KM, Vreeland WN, Howell PB, Henry AC, Ross D (2004) Micellar aflflnity gradient focusing a new method for electrokinetic focusing. 1 Am Chem Soc 126 1936-1937... 

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