Electrochemically biocomposite films

The electrochemical deposition approach was initially used for depositing orga-nofunctional silane sol-gel films for promoting adhesion between aluminum alloy and epoxy resin [Ij. Later, it was used for preparing silane films for corrosion protection of metals, electrochemical stripping analysis of metal ions, and microextraction of organic compounds [18,20,22,42,45]. The recent development of the electrochemical deposition of sol-gel-based composite films opens various applications such as encapsulating proteins, enzymes, and bacteria. In this section, we will show three main applications of eiectrodeposited sol-gel films, that is, corrosion protection and adhesion promotion, electrochemical sensors, and finally biocomposite films. Other applications such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME), nonlinear optics, antireflection, electrocatalysis, and superhydrophobic films are also discussed. 

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