Electricity bulk supply

U.S. Federal Power Commission. (1967). Prevention of Power Failures Volume I, Report of the Commission Vol. II, Reliability of Electric Bulk Power Supply Vol. Ill, Studies of the Task Croups on the Northeast Power Interruption. Washington, DC U.S. Govermnent... 

There are other transportation applications of hydrogen fuel for fuel cells to supply electricity to railway trains, marine vessels, and aircraft, and for jet engines to propel aircraft (Airbus, 2003). If the application of hydrogen to jet engine aircraft occurs in the future, nuclear-produced hydrogen is the best suited for its supply at hub airports for its features of no C02 emission and bulk supply capability. 

The bulk system has long been seen as a vital element in the maintenance of an economic and reliable supply of electrical energy in North America, and a high degree of redundancy has been incorporated to achieve this objective. The North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) was formed in 1968, following the November 9-10, 1965, blackout that affected the northeastern United States and Ontario,... 

As suggested before, the role of the interphasial double layer is insignificant in many transport processes that are involved with the supply of components from the bulk of the medium towards the biosurface. The thickness of the electric double layer is so small compared with that of the diffusion layer 8 that the very local deformation of the concentration profiles does not really alter the flux. Hence, in most analyses of diffusive mass transport one does not find any electric double layer terms. For the kinetics of the interphasial processes, this is completely different. Rate constants for chemical reactions or permeation steps are usually heavily dependent on the local conditions. Like in electrochemical processes, two elements are of great importance the local electric field which affects rates of transfer of charged species (the actual potential comes into play in the case of redox reactions), and the local activities... 

To keep the reaction going and the electronation current constant, a steady supply of electron-acceptor ions must be maintained by transport from the electrolyte bulk. This transport may be by diffusion (random walk) or migration under an electric field (drift) [cf. Eq. (4.226)]. 

Aside from the original assumption of a lumped analysis, thus far there have been no other assumptions or approximations to the model. The model relies completely on basic thermodynamic principles, a known cell performance R(I), and rigorous mathematical operations. To solve the model, we need to know the bulk mass and heat capacity of the cell, M and C, respectively the reactant supply flow rate (m = fuel flow + air flow) the inlet temperature and pressure and the change in stream composition due to the electrochemical reaction, AX, so that the change in enthalpy can be calculated the electrical load current, / and the inlet and exit temperatures, Tm and rout. 

Transmission System (Electric) An interconnected group of electric transmission lines and associated equipment for moving or transferring electric energy in bulk between points of supply and points at which it is transformed for delivery to consumers or delivered to other electric systems. 

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