Electrical Work Estimating Procedure

Accurate cost estimates for electrical work can be prepared after a reasonable amount of engineering has been completed. This method is time consuming and costly and, if the project is not approved, wasteful. 

At the other extreme, electrical work could be estimated as a percent of the equipment costs. However, this method is not only very inaccurate (published information shows a range of 10% to 50% of equipment cost), but also does not provide a means of cost tracking or progress monitoring. 

The cost of the electrical account is mainly related to motor count and average horsepower per motor rather than to equipment cost or total horsepower. 

This procedure presents a quick and reasonably accurate system to estimate the electrical account at different levels of engineering design in sufficient detail for subsequent cost tracking and progress monitoring. It can be used for grassroots plants/units as well as for retrofit work. 

The estimating units are intended in general to include all electrical materials and installation costs, except as noted below, for process and utility areas up to and including 480 V substations and associated switchgear. 

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Hence, the uncertainty in the magnitude of the dipole moment can amount to an error of 40% in Such an estimate for the uncertainty in was also mentioned in a recent work (Shipman and Scheraga [45]). In view of the fact that we are concerned with calculations of dipole moments for different conformations, using the same procedure, the actual error in the difference, may be reduced by cancellation of errors. The electric dipole moment of a solute molecule in a given solution can be determined from measurements of the dielectric constant. Such a measurement can provide one criterion for the success of the calculations in predicting the most favorable conformation of a solute molecule in a given solvent. Here the expressions [40-42] can provide an improved approximation. 

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